Cold War

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Cold War

• vs.

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Cold War

• Global competition between the democratic U.S.
  and its allies and the communist Soviet Union and
  its supporters

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Cold War

• By 1950- both sides had nuclear weapons

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Cold War

• Cold War began in Europe
• 1948- Marshall Plan
• Help rebuild Europe and stop the spread of
  communism
• Countries of western Europe under this plan
  prospered

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Western Europe

• 1948- Truman Doctrine- U.S. offered military aid
  to countries fighting communism within their own
  borders
• 1949- North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
  formed
• NATO countries believed their alliance with the
  U.S. would stop Soviets from attacking them

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Western Europe

• NATO was known as a deterrence to the Soviets
• It deterred, or discouraged attack

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Western Europe

• 1948-Benelux Trade Union- consisted of Belgium,
  Netherlands, and Luxembourg
• Allowed for the free movement of money, goods and
  people among these nations
• This led to the establishment of the European
  Union (EU) decades later

8
Soviet Control

• In eastern Europe the Soviets made satellite
  nations
• Countries dependent on and controlled by them

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Soviet Control

• To counter NATO, Soviets formed the Warsaw Pact
  in 1955
• Anti-western military alliance

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Clash in Berlin

• At the end of WWII, Germany and its capital were
  divided into 4 parts
• The Soviets controlled the east

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Clash in Berlin

• 1949- 2 separate governments in Ger. were set up
• Bonn (west)- democratic
• East Berlin (east)- communist

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Clash in Berlin

• Berlin Wall (1961)- 103 mile wall built between
  east and west Berlin by Soviets
• Torn down in 1989

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Clash in Berlin
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Clash in Berlin
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Clash in Berlin
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Clash in Berlin
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Clash in Berlin
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Freedom for Eastern Europe

• 1989- Poland held a democratic election
• 1991- all Soviet controlled nations of eastern
  Europe had thrown off communist rule
• Dec. 25th, 1991- Soviet Union officially broke up
  into Russia and other independent republics