Nutrition and Bone Health

1
Nutrition and Bone Health

• FCS 3755
• M. Burns, PhD, RD

2
Bone Composition

• Collagen
• Hydroxyapatite
• Cortical vs. trabecular bone
• Bone remodeling
• Osteoblasts vs. osteoclasts
• Hormones involved

3
Factors influencing bone mass

• Hereditary
• Physical activity
• Dietary calcium
• Oral contraceptives
• Total weight
• Age

4
Osteoporosis

• Occurrence
• Classification
• Type 1 or postmenopausal
• Type 2 or age-associated
• Etiology is unknown.
• Associated risk factors

5
Risk factors

• Family history
• Female
• White or Asian
• Slight body frame
• Age
• Menstrual status
• Lactation

• Calcium intake
• Vitamin D intake
• Sodium intake
• Physical activity
• Medications
• Alcohol/tobacco

6
Prevention and treatment

• Estrogen replacement therapy
• Bisphosphonates
• Exercise
• Weight-bearing
• Dietary components
• Calcium and Vitamin D