John Tukey

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John Tukey

• Stem-and-leaf Plots
• by Mrs Bartlett

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Biography

• John Tukey was born in 1915 in Massachusetts,
  USA.
• He studied science and mathematics at Brown
  University and Princeton University.
• During world war II, he worked for the United
  States government.
• He worked at ATT Bell Laboratories.
• He released Exploratory Data Analysis in 1977.
• He retired in 1985.
• He died in New Jersey in 2000.

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Mathematical Contribution

• Tukey was very interested in statistics.
• He is the first person to use box plots and stem
  and leaf plots.
• These tools allowed data to be displayed in
  visually useful ways.
• These graphs are studied by students in Years 9
  to 12 in NSW schools.

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Stem and Leaf Plots

• A stem and leaf plot is the arrangement of a set
  of data in graphical form. The diagram is
  similar in shape to a histogram turned on its
  side. However, it also provides a complete
  ordering of the data and shows the effect of
  grouping in classes with an interval of width 10.
  Often the leaf is the last significant digit in
  the data items.
• Dictionary of Statistics, p 165

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Example of Stem and Leaf Plot

• 11, 17, 2, 12, 12, 3, 15, 13, 9, 8, 16, 15, 16,
  18, 12, 16, 1, 17, 10, 8, 13, 20, 17, 17, 17
• 0 1 2 3 8 8 9
• 1 0 1 2 2 3 3 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8
• 2 0

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Importance
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Bibliography

• Web pages
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Tukey
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Box_plot
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_and_leaf_plot
• http//mathworld.wolfram.com/Stem-and-LeafDiagram.
  html
• http//gri.sourceforge.net/gridoc/html/BoxPlots.ht
  ml
• http//stat.bell-labs.com/who/tukey/bio.html
• http//stat.bell-labs.com/who/tukey/nytimes.html
• Books
• Nelson, David. Dictionary of statistics, England
  Penguin, 2004