What was 1st European Settlement in SC

1
What was 1st European Settlement in SC?

• San Miguel de Gualdape (Spanish colony)
• Founded by Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon in 1526
• Disagreement about its location whether truly in
  SC or GA
• 1st European settlement in the United States
• At first settlement is home to 600 people and
  number reduces to 150 because of famine,
  diseases, and fighting with the Native Americans

2
What was 1st European Settlement in SC? Contd

• Most serious challenge faced by the settlers of
  San Miguel was uprising of kidnapped Africans
  brought over as slaves. It is believed this may
  have been the first group of Africans in the New
  World, and as slaves.
• Ayllon died shortly after founding the settlement
  and power struggle came about as result of who
  would control the colony. While the Spanish
  struggled, Africans planned the revolt.

3
What was 1st European Settlement in SC? Contd

• Historians believe the many of the Africans were
  able to escape from the Spanish and went to live
  with the Native Americans in the area.

4
What was 1st French Settlement in SC?

• Charlesfort
• Founded by Jean Ribault in 1562
• Ribault set up an outpost in what is now Port
  Royal, SC
• Ribault and his men were called Huguenots, French
  Protestants (persecuted in their country by
  Catholics)
• Goals for the trips
• Religious freedom
• Ambush or outdo the Spanish in the New World
• Gain new land and wealth in name of France

5
What was 1st French Settlement in SC? Contd

• French thought Charlesfort would be easy to
  defend b/c of its location.
• Ribault had left and was suppose return w/i a
  year, but didnt because of turmoil in France
• Settlers struggled to stay alive they had to
  frequently sail to GA to get supplies
• B/c of a series of problems the settlers staged a
  mutiny against Captain Albert (who was left in
  charge Ribault) and left Charlesfort to go
  England then to France
• However on the way to France, the 14 settlers
  starved to death and never made it b/c of
  problems at sea. Seven sailors made it b/c of
  their use of cannibalism.
• French tried to settle the US again at Fort
  Caroline, but they failed and this would end
  their attempts to settle for 40 years

6
What settlement was built in 1566 by the Spanish?

• San Felipe
• Built Fort San Felipe on what is now Parris
  Island
• Before San Felipe the Spanish built St.
  Augustine, Fl which would later be important to
  SC
• Fort would have to be rebuilt in 1570 b/c
  ammunition exploded
• Spanish tried to convert the Native Americans to
  Christianity
• Edisto Indian tribe destroyed the fort again
• In 1587, the Spanish completely abandoned San
  Felipe

7
What was the last permanent settlement by the
Spanish in SC?

• San Marcos
• Spanish decided to give exploration into SC one
  more try on Parris Island.
• They were Spanish missionaries who tried to
  convert the Native Americans to Christianity.
• It grew to about 60 houses, but it ultimately
  fails when the English burn St. Augustine to the
  ground. Spanish abandon San Marcos and decide to
  rebuild St. Augustine
• This would end all European settlement in SC for
  83 years

8
What was the first permanent and successful
settlement in SC?

• Albemarle Point
• Not until 1670 when the English settlers come to
  SC did another group of Europeans try to settle
  SC.
• The English come with African slaves and set up
  the 1st permanent and successful settlement
• English came over on three ships, The Carolina,
  the Port Royal, and the Albemarle---only one of
  these made it to the New World, The Carolina
  which landed in Port Royal

9

• The English decide not to settle in Port Royal
  because well known by the Spanish
• Travel North until they get to Albemarle Point.
  (Pretty much West Ashley area)
• In 1680, its center was moved and renamed to
  Charles Town, which now Charleston