Latitude

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Latitude Longitude
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Latitude and Longitude
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• Latitude and Longitude are measure in DEGREES AND
  MINUTES
• Xo Y
• Degrees Minutes
• There are 60 minutes in one degree
• Examples Latitude ? 30o45 N
• Longitude ? 46o12 E

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Latitude

• The distance in degrees,
• north or south of the equator.
• - North Pole 90o N
• - Equator 0o
• - South Pole 90o S
• The equator is the reference line for latitude.
• If you draw a line from the equator to the center
  of the Earth and then to where a person is
  standing, the angle between the two lines is the
  persons latitude.

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Latitude
49o
Latitude lines are also called PARALLELS because
they run parallel to the equator.
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Latitude

• At night in the Northern Hemisphere, latitude can
  be determined by measuring the altitude of
  Polaris (North Star)

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To Polaris
To Polaris
90
Horizon
40
To Polaris
North Pole
0
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Longitude

• Based on the Suns Apparent motion through the
  sky.
• How long does it take the Earth to rotate once on
  its axis?
• 24 hours
• How many degrees does it rotate in this time?
• 360o
• Degrees per hour 360/24 15o/hour

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Longitude

• The distance, in degrees, measured east or west
  of the Prime Meridian.
• Prime Meridian passes through Greenwich, England
  (Longitude 0o)

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Longitude

• As you travel east or west from the Prime
  Meridian, longitude increases until it reaches
  180o ( The International Date Line)

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Measuring Longitude

• Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)
• what time it is in Greenwich, England
• 0o line for longitude
• Solar Time (noon)
• when the sun reaches it highest altitude in the
  sky at your location.

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Measuring Longitude

• Remember the Earth rotates at 15o/hr and that
  the Sun appears to move through the sky at the
  same rate.
• If you know what time it is in Greenwich when it
  is noon at your location you can calculate you
  longitude.

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Measuring Longitude

• It was 200 pm in Greenwich (GMT) when it was
  noon at your location (1200pm)
• Time Difference ?
• 2 hours
• 2 hours X 15o/hr
• 30o
• Your longitude 30oW

? ? Earth Rotates from W to E ? ?
Note If it is NOON your time and GMT PM, you
are WEST of the P.M. If it is NOON your time and
GMT AM, you are EAST of the P.M.
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Writing Latitude Longitude

• Latitude (N or S) comes FIRST, followed by the
  longitude (E or W)
• 45o N, 33o E
• 85o S, 123o W
• 95o S, 47o E
• Anything WRONG here!!

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Nor th
South
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West
East
15 o/hr
0
15
30
30
45
60
45
15
30
Nor t h
20
10
0
equator
10
Sou t h
20
30
Prime Meridian
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What is the latitude and longitude of the ship?
10o N, 45o W
West
East
0
15
30
30
45
60
45
15
30
Nor t h
20
10
0
equator
10
Sou t h
20
30
Prime Meridian
20
What is the latitude and longitude of the ship?
15o S, 35o E
West
East
0
15
30
30
45
60
45
15
30
Nor t h
20
10
0
equator
10
Sou t h
20
30
Prime Meridian
21
If it is noon at your location and 3 p.m. GMT,
what is your longitude?
45o W 3 hours x 15o/hr PM West
West
East
0
15
30
30
45
60
45
15
30
Nor t h
20
10
0
equator
10
Sou t h
20
30
Prime Meridian
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If it is noon at your location and 10 a.m. GMT,
what is your longitude?
30o E 2 hours x 15o/hr AM East
West
East
0
15
30
30
45
60
45
15
30
Nor t h
20
10
0
equator
10
Sou t h
20
30
Prime Meridian
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Proper written format 20o N, 30o W
If it is noon at you location and 2 p.m. GMT, and
the altitude of Polaris is 20o, what is your
latitude and longitude?
Latitude 20o N - Duh North Star
Longitude 30o W 2 hours x 15o/hr
PM West
0
15
30
30
45
60
45
15
West
East
30
Nor t h
20
Noon
10
2 PM
0
equator
10
Sou t h
Earths Rotation
20
30
Prime Meridian
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Proper written format 15o N, 45o E
If it is noon at you location and 9 a.m. GMT, and
the altitude of Polaris is 15o, what is your
latitude and longitude?
Latitude 15o N - once again - Duh
Longitude 45o E 3 hours x 15o/hr
AM East
0
15
30
30
45
60
45
15
West
East
30
Nor t h
20
10
0
equator
10
Sou t h
20
30
Prime Meridian
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ESRT