Title: Chapter 1 Introduction to Life
1Chapter 1Introduction to Life
2Do Now
- List 5 safety rules in the laboratory.
3Do Now-
- What is biology?
- What topics do you study in Biology?
4Biology (Chapter 1.1 pg. 4-10)
- Study of life or once living things
- Study the structure of living things and how they
interact with one another - Study of how living things function
5Think Pair - Share
- What is a biologist?
- What does he or she do?
- Where does this type of scientist do his or her
work? - Draw one!
6Biologists
- Study the diversity of life
- Research diseases
- Develop technologies
- Improve agriculture
- Preserve the environment
7Do Now
- How is biology used in a supermarket?
- List at least 3 different ways.
8Make a list of the items in this picture that you
consider alive or were alive at some point.
Think Pair Share
9Lets Brainstorm
- What characteristics does a living thing have?
- Lets make a class list
- 1.
10Eight Characteristics of life
- Made of one or more cells
- Display Organization
- Grows and develops
- Reproduces
- Responds to stimuli
- Requires energy
- Maintains homeostasis
- Adaptations evolve over time
111. Living things are made of one or more cells.
- Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function in all living things. - Unicellular Multicellular-
122. Displays Organization
- Living things are arranged in an orderly way.
- Cell- Smallest unit of life
- Ex. Liver Cell
- Tissue- group of cells that have same structure
and function (look alike) - Ex. - Epithelial tissue (outer skin cells)
- Organ- different tissues that work together to
perform a function - Ex- Kidney
132. Organization (Cont.)
- System- Group of organs working together
- Ex. Urinary System
- Organism- Organ systems working together (whole)
- Ex. Gorilla
14(No Transcript)
15(No Transcript)
163. Growth
- gets larger by using materials and energy from
environment - Growth occurs through cell division and cell
enlargement
17Do Now
- Which of the following would be studied in
biology? - Explain why or why not.
- 1. Distance between stars
- 2. Length of between algae blooms
- 3. Cause and effect relationship between bacteria
and plant growth - 4. Amount of natural gas found in New Jersey
- 5. The relationship between mercury concentration
and lifespan of tuna fish
18Objectives
- SWBAT understand and explain the 8
characteristics of life - SWBAT apply the characteristics of life to a
living thing - SWBAT work in groups to discover the nature of
science
194. Reproduction
- A species is a group of organisms that can breed
with one another and produce fertile offspring. - ex. Asexual ex. Sexual
-
205. Respond to Stimuli
- Anything that causes some sort of reaction by the
organism is called a stimulus. - The reaction to a stimulus is a response.
216. Requires Energy
- Living things get their energy from food.
- energy is the ability to do work
- Plants use energy from the sun (photosynthesis)
- All living organisms break down food
- and release energy
- (cellular respiration)
227. Maintains Homeostasis
- Homeostasis Regulation of an organisms internal
conditions to maintain life - If anything happens within or to an organism that
affects its normal state, processes to restore
the normal state begin.
238. Adaptations Evolve Over Time
- An adaptation is any inherited characteristic
that results from changes to a species over time.
24All eight characteristics must be present to be
considered alive!
25Think-Pair-Share
- Using all 8 characteristics of life, explain why
a butterfly is alive
26Lets try an activity
- We are going to break up into groups
- Alive or Not?
27Do Now
- Explain (using the 8 characteristics of life)
why we are alive! Provide examples!
28Objectives
- SWBAT identify 8 objects as being alive or not
and explain why - SWBAT work in groups to discover the nature of
science - SWBAT explore the steps of the scientific method.
- SWBAT make observations and inferences and
differentiate between the two.
29What is Science?
- Which of the following are considered science?
- Astrology
- Ornithology
- Marine Biology
- Religion
- Zoology
301.3 Nature of Science (pg. 16- 21)
- Science is a body of knowledge based on the study
of nature. - Scientific inquiry is both a creative process and
a process rooted in unbiased observations and
experimentation.
31THE CUBES!
- FIRST RULE Do not touch the cubes!
- Lets brainstorm What questions do you have
about the cubes?
32The cubes Cont.
- What is on the bottom of the cube?
- What is evidence? What does the word mean?
- Using data (observations), try to convince me and
your classmates what is on the bottom of the
cube. Provide evidence!
33Pick up the cubes Go ahead!
- There is no way of knowing the absolute answer to
a scientific question. - WHAT? MS INGS? ALL THAT FOR NOTHING.
- Nature of Science
34Scientific Investigations
- Lets list the steps we went through in our
scientific investigation
35An example experiment
- Who likes to cook???
- How do you cook spaghetti?
36OBJECTIVES
371. Ask a Question
- Scientific inquiry begins with observation.
- Science inquiry involves asking questions and
processing information from a variety of reliable
sources.
38Do Now
- Try to list the steps of the scientific method!
39Objectives
- 1. SWBAT practice making observations.
- 2. SWBAT differentiate between observations and
inferences - 3. SWBAT identify and practice the steps of the
scientific method.
40Short Demo on ..
41Observation vs. Inference
- Observation- direct way of gathering information
in an organized way. - Inference- taking observations and making a
logical conclusion
42Do Now
- Explain why a virus is NOT considered alive.
43Objectives
- 1. SWBAT identify 8 objects as being alive or not
and explain why - 2. SWBAT differentiate between observations and
inferences - 3. SWBAT identify and practice the steps of the
scientific method.
44Lets make some observations!
- I need someone to write on the board for me!
452. Form a Hypothesis
- Hypothesis - a testable explanation of a
situation. - Hypothesis that are supported through experiments
and data are then accepted in the scientific
community.
463. Collect the Data
- Biologist conducts an experiment, (a phenomenon
in a controlled setting to test a hypothesis).
47Do Now
- 1. Which is an indication that an idea is based
on pseudoscience? - A. It brings up more questions.
- B. It causes disagreement and debate.
- C. It does not welcome scientific investigation.
- D. It does not receive acceptance by scientists.
- 2. Some species of plants begin opening their
flowers in the morning when they are exposed to
sunlight. What characteristic of living things
does this represent? - A. acquiring energy
- B. adapting to the environment
- C. displaying organization
- D. responding to stimuli
484. Controlled Experiments
- 1. Experimental Group- group that is being
manipulated - 2. Control Group- group you keep the same (all
variables are constant)
495. Experimental Design
- Independent variableonly one factor in a
experiment that can change - Dependent variableresults from or depends on
changes to the independent variable
50Think Pair ShareDo Now- Period 8
- Identify control, experimental group,
independent variable, dependent variable,
constants - Food Scientists are working together to develop a
better tasting sweet mint Trident gum. Each
person sampling the gum gets ONE original sweet
mint and ONE sweet mint with added spearmint to
try to improve taste. The tasters did not know
what they were trying and had to record their
results.
51Do Now
- A new medicine is out on the market that helps
people retain information better (smart pill).
In a recent study, one group was given the smart
pill and the other group was given a placebo
(sugar pill). - Identify control group and experimental group
- Explain why researchers found the need to have
two different groups
52Objectives
- 1. SWBAT identify and practice the steps of the
scientific method. - 2. SWBAT work in groups to identify control
group, experimental group, hypothesis,
conclusion, independent, and dependent variables. - 3. SWBAT analyze a graph.
536. Data Gathering
- Data - information gained from observations.
- Quantitative data - measurements of time,
temperature, length, or other factors. - Qualitative data - descriptions of what our
senses detect.
54Data
- I want you gather qualitative and quantitative
data from this picture.
557. Analyze the Data
- A graph of the data makes easier to interpret.
56Graphing
- Analyze this graph.
- Reach a conclusion!
578. Report Conclusions
- Conclusions are published so other can review the
results and discuss the merit of the experiment.
581
1
2
3
4
5
6
59Identify the following terms identify the
problem, hypothesis, experiment, independent
variable, dependent variable, and create a
conclusion
- The leaves on my tomato plants were turning
yellow. I was not sure what to do. I decided
that maybe they were not getting enough sun. I
moved one plant into the sun and left the other
one where it was. I recorded the different
shades of the leaves (yellow, yellow-green, and
green).
60Section 1.3 Review - Matching!
61Think Pair - Share
- Design an experiment to determine why the fish
are dying in your tank. Identify the control,
constants, independent variable, dependent
variable, and experimental group.
62Do Now
- In trying to develop a lighter color honey, bee
keepers allow the bees to only visit sunflowers.
- Design an experiment to test this. In your
experiment, identify - Control group, experimental group, independent
variable, dependent variable, constants
631.2 Nature of Science (pg. 11 15)
- Uses Scientific Theory
- Theory- explanation of a natural phenomenon
supported by many observations and experiments
over time - Ex.
- Results are always constant!
64A. Expands Scientific Knowledge
- Science is under constant reevaluation of what is
known. - Ex. Classification, Food Pyramid
- Can lead to new knowledge
- Reevaluation cycle continues!
65B. Challenges Accepted Theories
- Scientists debate each other ideas
- Science accommodates new information as it is
discovered
66C. Questions Results
- Scientist can find data that is not consistent
with current scientific understanding - These inconsistencies often lead to further
investigations
67Think Pair - Share
- Read the following and critique the author.
- What else can the scientist do to further his/her
own studies? - A marine biologist studying whales put markers
on one white whale to determine migration. This
scientist then concluded that all whales migrate
from the Gulf to the mid Atlantic ocean.
68D. Tests Claims
- Conclusions are reached after
- Controlled experiments
- Unbiased investigations
- Large amounts of data
69Undergoes Peer Review
- Experiments are reviewed by scientists peers.
(Peer review ) - Evaluated by other scientists who are in the same
field or who are conducting similar research.
70Think Pair - Share
- How can we prove something true?
71Uses Metric System
- Scientists can repeat the work of others as part
of a new experiment. - The metric system uses units with divisions that
are powers of ten. - Ex. SI- meters
72Do NowWhat are some things around the room
that are alive? Or were alive at some point?
73Do Now
- How many
- Centimeters are in a meter?
- Meters are in a kilometer?
- How long is a 5K?
74Uses Metric System
- Scientists can repeat the work of others as part
of a new experiment. - The metric system uses units with divisions that
are powers of ten. - Ex. SI- meters