IUU fishing

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IUU fishing
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International governance (?)

• legal overfishing
• overcapacity shrinking resources
• exasperate illegal (over)fishing
• governance gaps, leading to unregulated fishing
• breaches of conservation, fisheries management,
  labour and tax laws

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Main problems loopholes (1)

• lack of flag state responsibility
• political will
• weak and inconsistent port state controls
• reflagging lack of vessels traceability
• transshipments lack of controls over
  non-fishing vessels

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Main problems loopholes (2)

• lack of enforcement with regards to nationals or
  companies
• poor communication between governments and with
  organisations
• lack of rules, monitoring and enforcement in
  distant fisheries, in particular in areas of the
  high seas

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EUROPE

• legal overfishing leading to stock collapse
• excessive fleet with a global reach
• beneficiary ownership
• sloppy accounting and poor enforcement
• insufficient port and border controls

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The purse seine fleet alone has potential to
catch 3.5 times the level advised by
scientists... and increasing.
The bluefin tuna fishery has one of the highest
rates of illegal fishing in the world and it
is happening right in the EUs front yard.
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• EU rules to apply from 2010
• port state controls and inspections
• validated catch certification and import/export
  documentation
• import/export controls
• prohibitions on transhipments at sea (varies
  conditions apply)
• a Community alert scheme for suspected cases of
  IUU from non-EU vessels
• a Community IUU (black) list
• the identification of non-cooperating third
  countries
• sanctions against EU IUU vessels and EU nationals
  engaged in IUU fishing and related activities
• immediate enforcement measures

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AFRICA

• fishing without license or identity
• flags and ports of convenience
• dodgy agreements lack of policing
• violation of national laws, competition with
  artisanal/local fishermen food security
• transhipment mislabelling of fish

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• 17 vessels (gt18) of the 92 observed vessels
  fishing without a licence
• 9 vessels where hiding their names
• at least 26 vessels (gt28) of 92 vessels were
  fishing illegally at all times

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• Greenpeace proposes
• shift from access agreements to sustainable and
  equitable supply/sourcing agreements
• in the meantime enforcement under EU agreement
  must be strengthened/supported by the EU

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PACIFIC

• transshipment
• dodging sanctions in the
• high seas pockets
• lack of traceability of vessels and catch
• flags of convenience and/or unregulated fishing
  of RFMO non-parties

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Ecuador
Ecuador
Ecuador
El Salvador
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High Seas Enclaves Pirates Playground

• 8 Pacific Island States have agreed
• require operators not to fish in the high seas
  pockets as part of conditions attached to fishing
  licenses
• ban the use of Fish Aggregation Devices (FADs)
  in their EEZs for three months per year
• require catch retention/ban discarding
• observer scheme to monitor compliance with the
  above

the Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati,
Marshall Islands, Nauru, Palau, Papua New Guinea,
Solomon Islands and Tuvalu.
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http//blacklist.greenpeace.org/