James C. Greenwood

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James C. Greenwood President CEO
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The Future of Food and Fuel is Biotechnology
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Global Challenges
Growing Population
Growing Energy Demand
Global Warming CO2Emissions
High Energy Prices
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Ethanol
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Cellulosic Biomass The New Crude Oil
Corn stover
Sugar Cane Bagasse
Wood chips
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The Pacific Dampwood Termite Zootermopsis
angusticollis
Salmassi and Leadbetter
Courtesy of Jared Leadbetter, CalTech, Pasadena,
CA
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The Path to Ethanol from Cellulose
Biotech enzyme
Feedstock Collection

• Biotechnology Treatment
• Enzymes break
• cellulose into sugars
• Ferment sugars to
• ethanol

• Downstream
• Ethanol
• recovery
• shipment

Pretreatment Pulverize or grind feedstock to
release cellulose
Source Biotechnology Industry Organization
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Biomass Potential

• More than 1 billion tons of agricultural
  residues and dedicated energy crops could be
  sustainably harvested by 2030 for biofuels
  production in the United States alone.2007
  USDA/DOE Study

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Iogen Plant (Canada)
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Abengoa Bioenergy Facility (Spain)
Salamanca cellulosic biomass-to-ethanol plant
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DOE Integrated Biorefinery Demonstration
ProjectsAwarded Feb 28, 2007, 385 million
Company Plant Location Feedstocks Technology Capacity
Abengoa Bioenergy Kansas Corn stover, wheat straw, milo stubble, switchgrass Enzymatic Hydrolysis 40 ML power
ALICO Florida Yard, wood, vegetative wastes Gasification-Fermentation 50 ML power, H2, ammonia
BlueFire Ethanol California Sorted green waste and wood waste from landfills Acid Hydrolysis 75 ML
Poet Iowa Corn fiber, cobs, and stalks Enzymatic Hydrolysis 110 ML
Iogen Idaho Wheat straw, corn stover, switchgrass, and rice straw Enzymatic Hydrolysis 70 ML
Range Fuels Georgia Wood residues and wood-based energy crops Gasification 150 ML ethanol methanol
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Average Corn Yield Up Since 1996 Introduction of
Biotech Corn
1996-2005 137.7 bu/acre
1986-1995 115.15 bu/acre
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• Biotechnology Innovation
• Produces Food AND Fuel

Yield growth of just 2 bushels per acre per year
results in an additional 144 million bushels .
That additional corn could produce more than 403
million gallons of ethanol.
10-year average 72 million harvested acres
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Abundant Cellulose Sources

• Corn Stover
• Rice Straw Hulls
• Wheat Barley Straw
• Switch Grass
• Saw Dust Wood Chips
• Sugar Cane Waste (bagasse)
• Grass Clippings
• Other Agricultural Residues
• Waste Paper Other Trash

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A Global Opportunity
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Creating the Future We Want

• Continued deployment of industrial and ag biotech
  improvements
• Supportive governmental policies
• The use of grain and cellulosic biomass
• Innovative and sustainable farming practices
• Farmers participating in the value chain
• The evolution of biorefineries to make multiple
  products

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www.bio.org