THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

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THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

• MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
• CHAPTER 12

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FUNCTIONS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

• SKIN--bodies 1st line of defense against harmful
  organisms, waterproofs the body, prevents fluid
  loss.
• Hair--controls the loss of body heat and a
  receptor for the sense of touch.
• Nails--protects the dorsal surface of the last
  bone of the toes and fingers
• Glands--lubricates the skin, regulates body
  temperature, discourages the growth of bacteria,
  etc.

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STRUCTURES OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

• SKIN
• SEBACEOUS GLANDS
• SWEAT GLANDS
• HAIR
• NAILS

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THE SKIN

• The skin is made up of three layers
• Epidermis Layer
• Dermis Layer
• Subcutaneous Layer

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THE EPIDERMIS

• The epidermis is the outer layer of skin
• It consists of tightly packed epithelial cells
• The epidermis consists of three layers
• The outer layer or stratum corneum
• The middle layer or stratum germinativum
• The deepest layer or basal layer

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THE DEMIS

• Also called the corium
• Is thicker than the epidermis
• Composed of connective tissue
• Connective tissue cells found in the dermis
  consist of
• Fibroblasts
• Collagen
• Histocytes
• Mast cells
• Histamine
• Heparin

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SUBCUTANEOUS LAYER

• SPECIALIZES IN THE FORMATION OF FAT CELLS OR
  LIPOCYTES

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SKIN GLANDS

• SWEAT GLANDS
• Classified into two groups
• Eccrin sweat glands
• Apocrine sweat glands

• SEBACEOUS GLANDS
• Oil secreting glands
• Secretes a substance called sebum
• Sebum secretion decreases in late adulthood

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THE HAIR

• Hair growth begins in the dermal layer of skin
• The parts of the hair consist of
• hair follicle
• hair papilla
• root
• shaft

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THE NAILS

• Also known as the unguis
• Protects the last bone of each toe or finger
• Nails are made from a hard, platelike material
  called keratin

• The nails consists of three basic parts
• The root of the nail
• The nail body
• The nail free edge

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FUNCTIONS OF THE SKIN

• PROTECTION
• TEMPERATURE REGULATION
• SENSE ORGAN ACTIVITY

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SURFACE LESIONS

• Surface lesions are described by length and
  centimeters and are classified as
• A Papule
• A Macule
• A Scale

• A Plaque
• A Patch
• A Crust
• A Wheal

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FLUID-FILLED/ BROKEN SKIN LESIONS

• FLUID-FILLED LESIONS
• A CYST
• A VESICLE
• A PUSTULE
• A BULLA

• BROKEN SKIN LESIONS
• AN ULCER
• A FISSURE

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CLASSIFICATION OF BURNS

• FIRST-DEGREE BURNS
• SECOND-DEGREE BURNS
• THIRD-DEGREE BURNS

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