Nationalism and Sectionalism 18121855

1
Nationalism and Sectionalism1812-1855

• Chapter 7, Sections 3-5
• pp. 242-259

2
Nationalism Shapes Domestic Policies

• 1817 Era of Good Feelings Democratic-Republica
  ns unopposed spirit of nationalism
• Henry Clay American System wanted federal
  government to build roads and canals internal
  improvements to connect regions also pushed
  for national bank
• John Marshalls rulings see last section
  strengthened the federal government
• Boom-and-Bust Cycles times of profit and
  panic
• Three Panics (Depressions) 1819, 1837, 1857

3
Nationalism Influences Foreign Affairs

• Spain pressured to give up North American land
  claims after First Seminole War
• Andrew Jackson led troops into Spanish Florida to
  attack Seminoles showed Spanish were weak
• Adams-Onis Treaty Spanish gave up Oregon claims
  Americans also began to settle in Florida
• Monroe Doctrine named after President Monroe
  warning for British to stay out of Latin America
  statement that Europe had no business in
  Western Hemisphere

4
The Nation Compromises Over Slavery

• Regions divided especially over slavery
• Controversy over Missouri entering the Union
  upset the balance of states
• Missouri Compromise by Henry Clay Maine would
  enter as a free state with Missouri line drawn
  south of which no slavery could be established
• Short term solution
• Caused frustration between North and South

5
Note Taking Reading Skill Understand Effects
Reading Skill Understand Effects
NOTE TAKING
6
Diagram Cycles of Boom and Bust
Cycles of Boom and Bust
DIAGRAM
7
Progress Monitoring Transparency Section 3
PM TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency
8
Election of 1824

• Four way race of Democratic-Republicans
• No clear winner Andrew Jackson had more popular
  votes, but no electoral majority
• House decided race Henry Clay gave support to
  John Quincy Adams
• Adams won, made Clay the Secretary of State
  called the Corrupt Bargain by Jackson
• Jackson and supporters criticized Adams as
  aristocratic
• Increasing democracy gave Jackson advantage
  more people could vote by next election

9
Jackson Emerges

• Jackson becomes symbol of democracy (Jacksonian
  Democracy)
• Promoted ideas of majority rule and the common
  man
• Election of 1828 Jacksons supporters now
  called Democrats Jackson defeated Adams
• Owed victory to Martin Van Buren he helped
  bring North and South together for Jackson
• New party structure discipline punished for
  going against the party Spoils system
  rewarded loyalty with government jobs (Van Buren
  as Sec of State, etc)

10
Native American Removal

• Jacksons power came from the South
• Expectation for Jackson to remove American
  Indians from the South (The Five Nations)
• Tensions between whites and even civilized
  American Indians
• Southerners wanted rich land, resources
• Indian governments dissolved, people forcibly
  removed
• Even though Supreme Court ruled forced removal
  unconstitutional, Jackson would not enforce the
  decision
• Indian Removal Act trade of land from South to
  Oklahoma
• Push to make Indians sell their land and move,
  often by force Trail of Tears
• Impacted Indians all over the country

11
Note Taking Reading Skill Understand Effects
Reading Skill Understand Effects
NOTE TAKING
12
Chart The Growing Electorate
The Growing Electorate
CHART
13
Infographic The Trail of Tears
The Trail of Tears
INFOGRAPHIC
14
Transparency The National Bank
The National Bank
TRANSPARENCY
15
Progress Monitoring Transparency Section 4
PM TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency
16
The Nullification Crisis

• 1828 Tariff of Abominations very high South
  opposed
• John C. Calhoun presses for ideas of states
  rights and nullification (voiding a federal law)
• South Carolina nullified the tariff, threatened
  to secede Jackson threatened to send in
  military
• Tariff decreased, caused the situation to calm
  down
• Tariff had been meant to embarrass Jackson, but
  had caused tensions instead

17
The Bank War

• Jackson supported agricultural South distrusted
  cities and banks
• Jacksonian Democrats felt new economies were
  corrupt
• Opposed special advantages to industry (tariffs)
• Especially opposed the Bank of the U.S.
  businesses supported it
• 1832 Banks charter was up for renewal
  Jackson vetoed it
• The Banks supporters called Jackson a tyrant,
  and formed their own party the Whig Party
• Whigs nationalists who supported a strong
  central government
• Two Party politics now renewed in the U.S.
  Democrats had opposition for the first time in
  years
• Jackson pulled money from the Bank, effectively
  killed it

18
Politics After Jackson

• State banks expanded as Jackson put former
  federal bank money in pet banks
• Van Buren takes office next Panic of 1837
  breaks out at same time
• Panic of 1837 gave Whigs more influence ran
  William Henry Harrison and John Tyler for White
  House in 1840
• Harrison would win, but die a month into office
  Tyler wasnt the loyal Whig hed appeared to be
  opposed the Banks restoration and the American
  System

19
Note Taking Reading Skill Compare
Reading Skill Compare
NOTE TAKING
20
Diagram The Nullification Crisis of 1833
The Nullification Crisis of 1833
DIAGRAM
21
Analyze Political Cartoons King Andrew Jackson
Political Cartoons King Andrew Jackson
ANALYZE
22
Progress Monitoring Transparency Section 5
PM TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency