A NEW NATIONAL IDENTITY (1812

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A NEW NATIONAL IDENTITY(18121840)
Chapter 12

• Section 1 The Rise of Nationalism
• Section 2 Expansion and Improvements
• Section 3 The Age of Jackson
• Section 4 Indian Removal
• Section 5 American Culture

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OBJECTIVES
Section 1 The Rise of Nationalism

• How did the United States settle its land
  disputes with Great Britain and Spain?
• Why did President Monroe issue the Monroe
  Doctrine, and what were its most important points?

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Treaties Settling Disputes between the United
States, Great Britain and Spain
Section 1 The Rise of Nationalism

• Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817) limited naval power
  (Great Britain)
• Convention of 1818 settled fishing rights and
  established a border (Great Britain)
• Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 Spain gave up all of
  Florida to the United States
• Monroe Doctrine (1823) (Europe, Central and South
  America)

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Why Monroe Issued the Monroe Doctrine
Section 1 The Rise of Nationalism

• Monroe issued the Monroe Doctrine because he
  feared that Latin American independence would
  encourage European powers to take control on the
  newly independent countries.

Monroe Doctrine President James Monroes
statement forbidding further colonization in the
Americas and declaring that the United States
would view any attempt by a foreign country to
colonize as a hostile act
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SECTION 1
The Rise of Nationalism
Question How did the United States settle its
land disputes with Great Britain and Spain?
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SECTION 1
The Rise of Nationalism
Compromise with Spain
Compromise with Great Britain
Rush-Bagot Agreement Terms
Adams-Onis Treaty Terms

• Spain gave Florida to the United States.
• The United States gave up claims to present-day
  Texas.
• United States took responsibility for up to 5
  million of United States citizens claims against
  Spain.

• limited naval power on the Great Lakes

Convention of 1818 Terms

• gave the United States fishing rights off parts
  of Newfoundland and Labrador coasts
• established a border between the United States
  and Canada at the 49th parallel, as far west as
  the Rockies
• agreed to joint occupation of the Pacific
  Northwest

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OBJECTIVES
Section 2 Expansion and Improvements

• What issues was the Missouri Compromise supposed
  to address?
• How did improvements in transportation affect the
  United States?
• Why was the 1824 presidential election
  controversial?

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The Missouri Compromiseaddressed two issues
Section 2 Expansion and Improvements

• the expansion of slavery
• the balance of free and slave states

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Transportation Improvements
Section 2 Expansion and Improvements

• united the country
• aided trade and economy

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Election of 1824
Section 2 Expansion and Improvements

• The election of 1824 was controversial because
  Adams was accused of making a corrupt bargain
  with Clay.

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SECTION 2
Expansion and Improvements
Question How did improvements in transportation
affect the United States?
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SECTION 2
Expansion and Improvements
Affect on the United States
Roads
connected the East coast to the interior United
States
Cumberland Road turnpikes
Canals
Erie Canal
provided faster and cheaper routes for goods to
market
Overall results of improvements in transportation
Both resulted in connecting regions of the United
States.
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OBJECTIVES
Section 3 The Age of Jackson

• How was Jacksonian Democracy a sign of change in
  American politics?
• How did tariff disputes lead to the nullification
  crisis, and how did President Jackson respond?
• Why was President Jackson against a national
  bank, and how did his opposition affect the
  economy?

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Jacksonian Democracy
Section 3 The Age of Jackson

• expanded voting rights
• nominating conventions

Nominating conventions public meetings to
select the partys presidential and vice
presidential candidates
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Nullification Crisis
Section 3 The Age of Jackson

• Northern manufacturers wanted high tariffs and
  the southern farmers wanted low tariffs leading
  to the nullification crisis.
• The crisis was resolved by a congressional
  compromise to lower tariffs gradually.

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Jacksons Position on a National Bank
Section 3 The Age of Jackson

• Jackson opposed the power of a national bank.
• His opposition effected the economy by leading to
  inflation.

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Regional Issues 30 years BEFORE the Civil War.
Section 3 The Age of Jackson

• Tariffs
• Federal vs State - Nullification crisis
  states rights
• Federal vs State 2nd National Bank
• Federal Law superior to State Law (McCulloch v
  Maryland)

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SECTION 3
The Age of Jackson
Question How did tariff disputes lead to the
nullification crisis and how did President
Jackson respond?
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SECTION 3
The Age of Jackson
STEPS LEADING TO THE NULLIFICATION CRISIS
Southern states asserted their right to nullify
protective tariffs, which they argued hurt their
economy.
Jackson threatened to send federal troops to
South Carolina to enforce federal laws.
Jackson condemned nullification.
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OBJECTIVES
Section 4 Indian Removal

• Why did the federal and state governments begin
  an American Indian removal policy?
• How did American Indians such as the Cherokee
  resist removal?
• How were American Indians affected by the removal
  from their lands?

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Indian Removal Act
Section 4 Indian Removal

• To end Indian conflicts and to open a southern
  settlement, Congress passed the Indian Removal
  Act in 1830 which authorized the removal of
  Indians east of the Mississippi River.

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Cherokees resisted removal by
Section 4 Indian Removal

• adopting white culture
• creating a government based on the U.S.
• suing the state of Georgia

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The Indian Response
Section 4 Indian Removal

• The Indians met removal with armed resistance
  leading to many Indian deaths.

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SECTION 4
Indian Removal
Question Why did federal and state governments
begin an American Indian removal policy?
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SECTION 4
Indian Removal
Seminole were harboring slaves and raiding towns
Gold was discovered
Reasons for American Indian Removal Policy
to end disputes between American Indians and
settlers
to open up American Indian land to settlers for
farming
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OBJECTIVES
Section 5 American Culture

• Who were the favorite writers of the early
  1800s, and what did they write about?
• What was the focus of the Hudson River school?

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Writers of the 1800s and Their Subjects
Section 5 American Culture

• William Wirt biographies of Revolutionary
  heroes
• Washington Irving American history using satire
• James Fenimore Cooper novels and historical
  fiction
• Catharine Maria Sedgwick historical fiction and
  novels

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Hudson River School
Section 5 American Culture

• The Hudson River school focused on artists
  painting landscapes that depicted the beauty of
  nature.

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SECTION 5
American Culture
Question What topics did favorite writers of the
early 1800s write about?
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SECTION 5
American Culture
FAVORITE AMERICAN WRITERS OF THE EARLY 1800s
Washington Irving, James Fenimore Cooper,
Catharine Maria Sedgwick
American Revolution, settlement, and the
landscape