Stanford Linear Accelerator Center EEIP Site Safety Training Program Welcome

1
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center EEIPSite
Safety Training Program Welcome
2
Electrical Safety Support GroupElectrical
Safety Officer AHJDr. Perry AnthonyStaffGeorg
e Burgueno TrainingWayne A. Linebarger
ProjectsKisha Guzman Administrative Support
3
Notes

• Electrical Equipment Inspection Program (EEIP) is
  modeled after the Lawrence Livermore National
  Laboratorys (LLNL) Authority Having Jurisdiction
  (AHJ) Program, with some added proactive safety
  features.
• SLACs Electrical Equipment Inspection Program is
  still developing.
• We look for all three class to assist in
  smoothing out the rough spots.

4

• Program
• Introduction to the Electrical Equipment
  Inspection Program, and EEIP Safety
• Module 1 DC Power Supplies
• Module 2 Electric Power Systems Utilization
  Equipment
• Module 3 EEIP Software Checklists
• Module 4 Hazard Based Safety Engineering
• Module 5 NFPA 70E
• Module 6 NEC

5

• Module 7 508A Industrial Control Panels
• Module 8 Level 1 Inspections
• Module 9 Instructor Led Inspections
• Module 10 Class Led Inspections
• Module 11 Pulsed Power Systems
• Module 12 EEIP Software Checklists

6
Course Objectives

• Learn to conduct a Level One Inspection with
  regards to Elements and Methodology.
• Navigate and utilize the UL 508 standard in order
  to identify and use pertinent requirements to
  conduct a Level One Inspection.
• Define necessary inspection techniques to
  equipment specific to SLAC.
• Enter, edit, or modify Field Reports and upload
  files in the EEIP Software Tool.

7
Course Objectives

• Define and utilize Hazard Based Safety
  Engineering principles.
• Effectively articulate and employ the core
  areas of NFPA 70, 2005 Electrical Safety in the
  Workplace National Electric Code 2005
  Edition as they apply to SLAC.

8
Electrical Equipment Inspection Program Standards

• NFPA 70E
• National Electrical Safety Code (NESC)
• National Electrical Code, (NEC) NFPA 70
• NFPA 101, Life Safety Code
• DOE Electrical Safety Handbook, 2004 Edition.

9
Electrical Equipment Inspection Program Standards

• SLAC ESH Manual, Ch. 8
• UL 508
• Any other accepted safety standards the Inspector
  and EEIP Manager feels is necessary.
• The Interim SLAC Electrical Safety Design
  Reference Handbook provides guidance to meet
  these standards and is available online.

10
Classroom Expectations

• Prompt arrival everyday at 800am.
• Turn off cell phones and pagers.
• On time returns from breaks and lunches. (1200
  to100)
• Participation in class discussions.

11
What Are Your Expectations?
12
UL Overview

• Independent, not-for-profit product safety
  certification organization.
• 110 years of product testing experience
• Certify over 18,850 types of products annually.
• Over 19 billion UL Marks issued annually.
• UL's family includes 60 laboratories, and testing
  and certification facilities.

13
The Mission of Underwriters Laboratories

• To add to the publics knowledge and
  understanding of the hazards of various
  materials, devices, products, equipment,
  construction, methods and systems affecting life
  and property and to provide information tending
  to reduce or prevent bodily injury, loss of life
  and property damage from such hazards.

G.L. Maatman, Chairman of the Board of Trustees,
Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) May, 2002
Address
14
Your UL Team

• Dr. Tom Childers
• John R. Kovacik
• Jason D. Hopkins
• Edward C. Lemos

15
Why an Equipment Inspection Program?

• 29 CFR 1910, Subpart S (OSHA) (Code of Federal
  Regulations)
• The National Electric Code (NEC) NFPA-70
• Determine all electrical installations and
  equipment are acceptable for use only if approved
  by an Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)

16
DefinitionNEC Article 100

• Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) - The
  organization, office or individual responsible
  for approving equipment, materials, an
  installation, or a procedure.

17
Department of Energy

• Requires that all DOE contractors establish an
  AHJ to approve non-tested Electrical Equipment.

18
Purpose of the EEIP Program

• Ensure that equipment does not shock, burn or
  catch fire if used properly.
• Maintain compliance with OSHA and the National
  Electric Code.

19
Benefits of the EEIP

• Provide an electrical safety resource to assist
  in mitigating potential problems.
• Provide guidance in terms of code compliance and
  safety design standards.

20
Benefits of the EEIP

• Lower project costs by providing an ongoing
  safety review process.
• Provide a local electrical safety resource to
  your group.

21
Inherent Limitations of EEIP

• Depth of inspection.
• No destructive testing allowed.
• The owner is responsible corrective action.

22
The Structure of EEIP
23
EEIP Manager

• Oversees day to day activity of the EEIP
• A resource for the inspectors
• Designates field Inspectors

24
Electrical Safety Committee (ESC)

• A neutral third party to hear and help resolve
  disputes between users and the EEIP.
• Advise on electrical safety matters and promotes
  electrical safety at SLAC.

25
EEIP Field Inspectors

• Determine the acceptability of electrical
  equipment used by a program (Inspection).
• Apply OSHA, NEC, SLAC and ANSI Standards.
• Explain reasons for decisions, where appropriate.
• Label equipment and file reports.
• Respond to requests for inspections.

26
EEIP Field Inspectors

• Inspectors do not inspect equipment without an
  invitation.
• Inspectors must have a record of being
  responsible and sensitive to programmatic needs.
• Inspector Staff consists of Senior Engineers,
  Engineers, Senior Technical Specialists and
  Safety Professionals.

27
Why Participate in the Electrical Equipment
Inspection Program?

• To eliminate on-the-job injuries.
• Reduce project down-time.
• The EEIP is mandated by the government.

28
Approving Electrical Equipment, Installations
and Work (New)

• No EEIP Action Required
• If equipment is listed or labeled (NRTLed)
• or
• If accepted by other DOE Laboratories AHJ program

29
Approving Electrical Equipment, Installations
and Work (New)

• EEIP Action Required
• If electrical equipment is not listed, it will
  have to be examined by the EEIP and pass the
  inspection.
• If modified, the equipment must be examined by
  the EEIP
• All major electrical equipment installation
  and work shall be approved by the ESC.

30
Legacy Equipment

• All legacy equipment will have to be inspected at
  some time.
• All Equipment and Spares that are not maintained,
  or operational spares, will have to be inspected
  prior to placing into service.
• All maintained spares will be treated as
  operational equipment and inspected when
  available.

31
Legacy Equipment

• The design and construction specifications of the
  applicable Standards are acknowledged to have
  safety value, the EEIP recognizes that not all
  non-NRTL equipment completely conforms to the
  Standards, particularly older "legacy" equipment.

32
Legacy Equipment

• It is possible to make a determination that such
  equipment is acceptable for use under specified
  conditions in the workplace.
• Equipment is not automatically rejected if it
  does not comply with all parts of a given
  Standard. Instead, the EEIP Inspector will use
  the Standards and the checklist as guidance to
  determine the safety and acceptability of an
  electrical assembly.

33
Methods to Achieve Compliant Electrical Equipment

• Pass a Class 1 Electrical Equipment Inspection
• or
• Active EEIP Inspector Involvement in the
  Engineering Cycle or Engineering Assessment in
  close cooperation with the EEIP Inspector

34
Equipment Inspection Process

• Class 1 Visual inspection prior to placing the
  equipment in service.
• Document and summarize the application of the
  approved EEIP safety standards by the use of the
  EEIP Checklists.
• Results entered into the EEIP database.

35
EEIP Inspector Involvement in the Engineering
Phase

• Attend all engineering and project reviews and
  apply Hazard Based Safety engineering principles.
• Conduct a review inspection.
• Document application of approved EEIP safety
  standards.
• Use a Checklist for the present time.

36

• Equipment should be examined for safety as
  extensively as possible. Areas of consideration
  include but are not limited to
• 1. Failure modes
• 2. Heat effects
• 3. Magnetic effects
• 4. Grounding and bonding
• 5. Guarding of live parts
• 6. Leakage currents
• 7. Dielectric testing

37

• 8. Access to serviceable parts
• 9. Overcurrent and overtemperature protection
• 10. Clearances and spacing
• 11. Interlocks
• 12. Design and procedural documentation
• 13. Signage, labels, and administrative controls
• 14. Mechanical motion
• 15. Stored energy

38
EEIP Inspector Approval

• The decision on acceptance rests with the EEIP
  inspector. The inspector will judge whether the
  equipment is safe to operate under specified
  conditions. If the equipment cannot meet the
  specified checklist criteria, the inspector must
  fail the equipment, accept mitigation, or agree
  that safety will not be compromised under the
  conditions of use.

39
EEIP Inspector Approval

• The inspector should also specify all conditions
  and assumptions that accompany the acceptance of
  any equipment.
• These conditions and assumptions include, but are
  not limited to
• Location
• Personnel
• tests done by others.

40
QA
41
General Electrical Safety for Electrical
Equipment InspectorsElectrical Safety Support
Group
42

• Objective
• Identify the causes of electrical injuries.
• Identify electrical shock threshold criteria.
• Identify inherent equipment hazards.
• Identify electrical hazard controls /
  mitigations.

43
Causes of Electrical Injuries ARC BLAST
CURRENT
44

• ARC
• Arc Current traveling through air
• Arc temperatures 15,000A to 35,000A F
• Temperature at the surface of the sun 10,800A F

45

• ARC - Blast Hazards
• Thermal UV Radiation
• Severe burns, blindness
• Outer flesh destroyed at 122 F
• Pressure wave
• Concussion
• ear damage
• projectiles
• molten metals
• Secondary injuries
• Falls, rebounds, fire

46

• CURRENT
• Shock Threshold Criteria
• 30-100mA- FATAL!
• Heart fibrillation
• Respiratory paralysis
• Internal burns
• Secondary injuries
• Falls, rebounds, fire

47
UL/ANSI 1971 Study
48

• Factors
• Skin resistance
• Path
• Physiological diversity

49

• Human Resistance for Various Skin-Contact
  Conditions

50

• Human Resistance for Various Skin-Contact
  Conditions

51

• Path
• Hand to hand
• Hand to foot (left, right, both)
• Other paths possible (e.g., torso, elbow)
• Multiple paths likely

52

• Physiological Diversity
• Age - older people have greater skinresistance.
• Skin condition - moisture, cracks.
• Gender differences.

53

• SHOCK SIDE EFFECTS
• IMMEDIATE Confusion, amnesia, headache,
  breathing stoppage, heart fibrillates / stops,
  burns.
• Secondary (Hours to Days) Paralysis, pain,
  vision problems, swelling, headache, cardiac
  irregularities.
• Long Range (Weeks to Years) Paralysis, speech or
  writing difficulties, loss of taste sense.

54

• The AHJ does NOT work HOT!
• This class does not authorize you to work on or
  near exposed energized parts

55

• The AHJ does NOT work HOT!
• Avoid exposure to Arc / Blast / Current.
• Do not energize equipment that has been opened
  for inspection.
• Perform Lock Out Tag Out (LOTO) on the equipment.

56

• Equipment Hazards
• All hazards are a type of Failure
• Exposures (barrier inadequate or failed)
• Fire (unanticipated load on conductor)
• Excessive leakage currents
• Goal Engineer out dangerous failure modes.

57

• Possibly Dangerous Failure Modes
• Internal faults
• Explosion, fire, voltage to housing
• Component failures - assume worst case
• Human error
• External influence
• environment, radiation, etc

58

• Exposure Hazards
• Open voltage
• Electrocution - 50 V
• Possible hazards at lower voltages
• Capacitor terminals
• Shock, explosion, rebound injuries
• High-current, low-voltage outputs
• Burns

59

• There are 3 ways to address any hazard (in order)
  
• Engineered solution (Preferred)
• Barriers, redundancy, interlocks, grounding,
  fusing, etc
• Anything that does not depend on human
  cooperation
• Administrative solution
• - Procedures, signs, training, etc.
• PPE- Personal Protective Equipment
• - Gloves, FR clothing, Eyewear, etc.
• - Acknowledges that the above may fail last
  resort.

60

• Normal Use Hazard
• Table saw Failure mode, wood catches in blade,
  causing dangerous kickback
• Engineered solution anti-kick clips
• Administrative solution position body out of the
  line of fire post warning signs?
• PPE body armor?

61

• Equipment / Component /System Failure Mode
• Failure Mode
• Chute does not open
• Engineered Solution
• Reserve chute (redundancy)

62

• Exercise
• Identify equipment, system, component, or normal
  use Failure Modes in a Recreational Activity or
  hobby - Use your own hobby, or think about the
  following activities
• Flying
• Diving
• Climbing
• Rafting
• Biking

63

• Two Common Failures
• Fire (Example)
• Barrier Failure

64

• Fire
• Inadequate ventilation
• Improper wire, component sizing
• Flammable plastics
• Most of the National Electric Code (NEC) is fire
  prevention

65

• Barrier Failure
• Missing or damaged covers
• Large openings
• Housing not adequate to protect againstfailure
• Defeated interlock

66

• Exercise
• Extension Cord Fire at SLAC
• A heat pump was plugged into an electrical outlet
  using an extension cord and late one night it
  caught fire. The room had to be rebuilt and over
  20,000 worth of equipment was damaged or
  destroyed.

67

• Lessons Learned from Past SLAC experience,
  Extension Cord Fire

68

• Lessons Learned from Past SLAC experience,
  Extension Cord Fire

69
(No Transcript)
70

• Equipment was not Installed or used according to
  the manufactures recommendations
• Extension Cord was undersized
• Extension Cord was modified

71
QA
72

• Equipment Hazard Controls and Mitigation
• In order of importance!
• l Engineering Solutions-AHJ PRIORITY!
• Hardware Enclosures, barriers, interlocks
  isolation, insulation, grounding
• 2 Administrative Solutions
• Procedures, signs, training, locks.
• 3 Personal Protective Equipment
• Gloves, FR clothing, Eyewear, etc. (Or, just
  assume the risk!)

73

• Engineering Solutions
• Isolation
• Barriers
• Enclosures
• Distance, gates, doors, etc.

74

• Engineering Solutions
• Insulation
• Solid dielectric material
• Air

75

• Engineering Solutions
• Protective Hardware
• Grounding, bonding
• Interlocks
• GFCIs
• Fuses
• Automatic discharge devices

76

• Engineering Solutions
• Standards
• Design for safety.
• Leakage current limitations, spacing,
  conductorsizes, etc.
• Promote superior workmanship.
• Use materials within their proven limitations,
  and with safety factor.
• Establish a baseline for future maintenance or
  modification.
• Example color coding.

77

• Administrative Solutions
• Use Administrative solution if engineering
  solution is impossible.
• Examples procedures, qualifications, signs.
• EEIP Inspector must have high confidence that the
  administrative solution will be consistent and
  effective.

78

• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• Use PPE if Engineering and Administrative
  solutions are impossible.
• PPE is an acknowledgement that there will be an
  exposure!
• PPE may be part of a procedure.
• AHJ must have high confidence that the PPE will
  be consistent and effective.

79

• Summary
• Identify Electrical Safety Hazards and Practices
• Identify the causes of electrical injuries.
• Identify electrical shock threshold criteria.
  -Identify inherent equipment hazards.
• Identify electrical hazard controls / mitigations.

80
QA
81

• EEIP Software
• Database
• Create a report
• Checklists
• Job Aid 8
• Modify/Edit a report
• Job Aid 5

82

• Open/Create a new report
• Connect to the EEIP WEB site
• https//www-internal.slac.stanford.edu/essg/eeip/i
  nspectors/
• Go to the bottom of the page and click Report
  Administration (Inspectors Page)
• Report Administration (Enter a New Report)

83
(No Transcript)
84
(No Transcript)
85
(No Transcript)
86
(No Transcript)
87
(No Transcript)
88
(No Transcript)
89

• At this stage we can do one of two things
• Create a Checklist for the Inspection using the
  new Report Number. See Job Aid 8 for details on
  how to do this.
• Edit the report, which follows or Job Aid 5

90
(No Transcript)
91
(No Transcript)
92
(No Transcript)
93
(No Transcript)
94
(No Transcript)
95
(No Transcript)
96
(No Transcript)