Technician Licensing Class T2

1
Technician Licensing ClassT2

• Presented by the
• Plano Texas Stake
• Plano, Texas
• January 6, 2007

2
Amateur Radio Technician ClassElement 2 Course
Presentation

• ELEMENT 2 SUB-ELEMENTS
• T1 - FCC Rules, station license responsibilities
• T2 - Control operator duties
• T3 - Operating practices
• T4 - Radio and electronic fundamentals
• T5 - Station setup and operation
• T6 - Communications modes and methods
• T7 - Special operations
• T8 - Emergency and Public Service Communications
• T9 - Radio waves, propagation, and antennas
• T0 - Electrical and RF Safety

3
Control operator duties T2A

• Prohibited communications music, broadcasting,
  codes and ciphers, business use
• An amateur station is never authorized to
  transmit information to the general public.
• Amateurs may not transmit music, except as
  incidental to an authorized rebroadcast of space
  shuttle communications

4
Control operator duties T2A

• Prohibited communications music, broadcasting,
  codes and ciphers, business use (cont)
• An amateur station may never transmit false or
  deceptive signals!
• Indecent and obscene language is specifically
  prohibited in the Amateur Radio Service.
• Broadcasting is defined as Transmissions
  intended for reception by the general public,
  either direct or relayed.

5
Control operator duties T2A

• Prohibited communications music, broadcasting,
  codes and ciphers, business use (cont)
• Broadcasts intended for reception by the general
  public may not be transmitted in the Amateur
  Radio Service.
• Calls to your employer requesting directions to a
  customer's office are prohibited when using a
  repeater autopatch.

6
Control operator duties T2A

• Permissible communications, bulletins, code
  practice, incidental music
• Transmission of codes or ciphers is allowed to
  hide the meaning of a message transmitted by an
  amateur station only when transmitting control
  commands to space stations or radio control
  craft.
• The FCC allows an amateur radio station to be
  used as a method of communication for hire or
  material compensation only when in accordance
  with part 97 rules.
• You may use your amateur station on an occasional
  basis to tell people about equipment you have for
  sale when you are offering amateur radio
  equipment for sale or trade.

7
Control operator duties T2A

• Permissible communications, bulletins, code
  practice, incidental music (cont)

• An amateur station may transmit unidentified
  communications only when sent from a space
  station or to control a model craft.

8
Control operator duties T2B

• Basic identification requirements, non-voice
  modes, mobile and portable operation
• You must transmit your callsign to identify your
  amateur station.
• A transmission that does not contain a station
  identification is unidentified communications or
  signals.
• An amateur station must transmit the assigned
  call sign every 10 minutes during communications
  and at the end of each communication.
• Each station must transmit its own call sign when
  two amateur stations end communications.

9
Control operator duties T2B

• Basic identification requirements, non-voice
  modes, mobile and portable operation (cont)
• The longest period of time an amateur station can
  operate without transmitting its call sign is 10
  minutes.
• You must identify using the English language to
  identify your station when you are speaking to
  another amateur operator using a language other
  than English.
• When operating while using a special event call
  sign you must identify using your assigned call
  sign once per hour.

10
Control operator duties T2B

• Basic identification requirements, non-voice
  modes, mobile and portable operation (cont)
• When using one or more self-assigned indicators
  with your assigned call sign the indicator must
  not conflict with an indicator specified by FCC
  rules or with a prefix assigned to another
  country.
• The correct way to identify when visiting a
  station is send his call sign first followed by
  your call sign, if you hold a higher class
  license than that of the station licensee and you
  are using a frequency not authorized to his class
  of license.
• When exercising the operating privileges earned
  by examination upgrade of a license, the
  indicator "/AG" means Authorized General.

11
Control operator duties T2B

• Repeater ID standards
• All of the following are acceptable methods of
  transmitting a repeater station identification
• By phone using the English language
• By video image conforming to applicable standards
• By Morse code at a speed not to exceed 20 words
  per minute
• (All of these answers are correct)

12
A repeater is a device used to retransmit
amateur radio signals.
Offset 600 kHz
Output Freq 147.180 MHz
Input Freq 147.780 MHz
60 miles
13
Control operator duties T2C

• Definition of control operator
• A control operator of an amateur station is an
  operator designated by the licensee to be
  responsible for the station's transmissions to
  assure compliance with FCC rules.
• The Control Operator is responsible for the
  transmissions from an amateur station.
• Every amateur station must have a control
  operator when transmitting.

14
Control operator
15
Control Operator (local)
16
Control operator duties T2C

• Definition of control operator (cont)
• Only one amateur operator/primary station
  licenses may be held by one person.
• The minimum class of amateur license you must
  hold to be a control operator of a repeater
  station is the Technician class.
• An amateur station must have a control operator
  whenever the station is transmitting.

17
Control operator duties T2C

• Location of control operator
• The location at which the control operator
  function is performed is the control point of an
  amateur station.
• An automatically controlled amateur station does
  not require a control operator to be at the
  control point.

18
Control operator duties T2C

• Automatic and remote control, auxiliary stations
• The three types of station control permitted and
  recognized by FCC rule are
• local,
• remote, and
• automatic control.
• Local control is being used when transmitting
  using a handheld radio.
• Remote control is used when the control operator
  is not at the station location but can still make
  changes to a transmitter.
• Automatic control is being used on a repeater
  when the control operator is not present.

19
Control operator duties T2D

• Operating another person's station
• Both you and the other person are responsible for
  proper operation if you transmit from another
  amateur's station.
• Only the operating privileges allowed by your
  license are allowed when you are the control
  operator at the station of another amateur who
  has a higher class license than yours.
• You may operate your amateur station aboard an
  aircraft only with the approval of the pilot in
  command and not using the aircraft's radio
  equipment.

20
Control operator duties T2D

• Guest operators at your station
• All operating privileges allowed by the higher
  class license are allowed when another amateur
  holding a higher class license is controlling
  your station.
• Unlicensed persons in your family are not allowed
  to transmit on your amateur station if you are
  not there because they must be licensed before
  they are allowed to be control operators.

21
Control operator and guest
22
Control operator duties T2D

• Third party communications
• A message sent between two amateur stations for
  someone else is third-party communications.
• When handling international 3rd party
  communications the U.S. station must transmit
  both call signs at the end of each communication.
• No payment may be accepted for handling 3rd party
  communications

Some countries we have 3rd party agreements with
are Cuba Ecuador Columbia Panama Jordan Argent
ina Peru Turkey Canada Mexico Israel Ghana
23
Control operator duties T2D

• A message from an amateur station (1st party) to
  another amateur station (2nd party) on behalf of
  another person (3rd party)

Examples include

• Passing a message
• Making a phone patch
• Allowing an unlicensed person to talk on the radio

24
Control operator duties T2D
Autopatch, Incidental business useUsing amateur
radio for conducting business is a prohibited
amateur radio transmission.

• Amateurs can use a repeaters autopatch to
  connect to the public telephone network via
  radio.
• However, conversations are not private but can be
  heard by anyone monitoring the repeater.

25
Control operator duties T2D

• Compensation of operators
• It is permissible for the control operator of a
  club station to accept compensation for sending
  information bulletins or Morse code practice when
  the station makes those transmissions for at
  least 40 hours per week.
• Club stations
• At least 4 persons are required to be members of
  a club for a club station license to be issued by
  the FCC.

26
Control operator duties T2D

• Station inspection
• The FCC is allowed to inspect your station
  equipment and station records at any time upon
  request.
• Station security and protection against
  unauthorized transmissions
• You might best keep unauthorized persons from
  using your amateur station by disconnecting the
  power and microphone cables when not using your
  equipment.

27
Take aways

• Amateurs never transmit to general public
• Do not transmit music incidental to rebroadcast
  from space shuttle
• NEVER transmit false or deceptive
• Indecent and obscene prohibited

28
Take aways (cont)

• Broadcasting Intended for reception of general
  public, direct or relayed
• Calling employer for customers directions on
  autopatch prohibited
• Transmit unidentified communications only when
  sent from space station or to control model craft
• At least 4 persons are required for a club
  license

29
Take aways (cont)

• Codes or ciphers hiding meaning of message to
  space station or radio control craft
• Occasional basis equipment for sale or trade
• Compensation only in accordance with Part 97
  rules
• Space station or control of model craft permits
  unidentified communications

30
Take aways (cont)

• Transmit your callsign to identify
• No Station ID is considered unidentified
  communications or signals
• ID every ten minutes and at end
• Each station must ID with its own call sign at
  end of communications

31
Take aways (cont)

• Longest period of time without ID is ten minutes
• Identify in English when speaking to another
  station not using English
• Special Event Call Sign normal time for ID plus
  your callsign once an hour

32
Take aways (cont)

• Self-assigned indicators must not conflict with
  an indicator specified by FCC rules or with a
  prefix assigned to another country
• Correct ID when visiting a station, their call
  sign first followed by your call, if you hold
  higher class license and using a frequency not
  authorized to their class of license
• Earned operating privileges by exam upgrade,
• /AG means Authorized General
• /AE means Authorized Extra

33
Take aways (cont)

• Repeater ID standards
• By phone
• Digital voice
• By video
• Slow Scan TV
• By Morse code
• Not to exceed 20wpm
• All of these are correct

34
Take aways (cont)

• Control operator
• Operator designated by licensee to be responsible
  for any transmissions from the station in
  compliance with FCC rules
• Responsible for transmissions from an amateur
  station
• Every Amateur station must have a control
  operator
• Only one amateur operator/primary station
  licensee held by one person

35
Take aways (cont)

• Control operator of a repeater minimum license
  of Technician Class
• Amateur station must have control operator
  whenever station is transmitting
• Control operator function performed at control
  point of an amateur station

36
Take aways (cont)

• Automatically controlled station does not require
  control operator at the control point
• Three types of stations control permitted
• Local
• Remote
• Automatic
• Local when transmitting using a handheld radio
• Remote when not at location, but can still make
  changes to the transmitter
• Automatic control used on repeater control
  operator not present

37
Take aways (cont)

• Transmit from another amateurs station, both are
  responsible
• Control operator license determines operating
  privilegeshigher vs lower
• Operate amateur station aboard aircraft with
  approval of pilot in command and not using
  aircraft equipment

38
Take aways (cont)

• Class of license of control operator determines
  all operating privileges
• Unlicensed persons, family or not, not permitted
  to be control operator
• Third party communications two amateurs send
  message for someone else
• Conducting business via amateur radio is
  prohibited, even on autopatch

39
Take aways (cont)

• FCC can inspect at any time upon request
• Disconnect power and mic cables for added station
  security against unauthorized use (transmissions)
• 365 days for CSCE
• Ten years renewable
• Two year grace period

40
Element 2 Technician Class Question PoolT2
Valid July 1, 2006 Through June 30, 2010
41
T2A01 When is an amateur station authorized
to transmit information to the general public?

• Never
• Only when the operator is being paid
• Only when the transmission lasts more than 10
  minutes
• Only when the transmission lasts longer than 15
  minutes

42
T2A03 When is the transmission of codes or
ciphers allowed to hide the meaning of a
message transmitted by an amateur
station?

• Only during contests
• Only when operating mobile
• Only when transmitting control commands to space
  stations or radio control craft
• Only when frequencies above 1280 MHz are used

43
T2A04 When may an amateur station transmit
false or deceptive signals?

• Never
• When operating a beacon transmitter in a "fox
  hunt" exercise
• Only when making unidentified transmissions
• When needed to hide the meaning of a message for
  secrecy

44
T2A05 When may an amateur station transmit
unidentified communications?

• Only during brief tests not meant as messages
• Only when they do not interfere with others
• Only when sent from a space station or to control
  a model craft
• Only during two-way or third party communications

45
T2A06 What does the term broadcasting mean?

• Transmissions intended for reception by the
  general public, either direct or relayed
• Retransmission by automatic means of programs or
  signals from non-amateur stations
• One-way radio communications, regardless of
  purpose or content
• One-way or two-way radio communications between
  two or more stations

46
T2A07 Which of the following are specifically
prohibited in the Amateur Radio Service?

• Discussion of politics
• Discussion of programs on broadcast stations
• Indecent and obscene language
• Morse code practice

47
T2A08 Which of the following one-way
communications may not be transmitted in
the Amateur Radio Service?

• Telecommand of model craft
• Broadcasts intended for reception by the general
  public
• Brief transmissions to make adjustments to the
  station
• Morse code practice

48
T2A09 When does the FCC allow an amateur
radio station to be used as a method of
communication for hire or material compensation?

• Only when making test transmissions
• Only when news is being broadcast in times of
  emergency
• Only when in accordance with part 97 rules
• Only when your employer is using amateur radio to
  broadcast advertising

49
T2A10 What type of communications are
prohibited when using a repeater
autopatch?

• Calls to a recorded weather report
• Calls to your employer requesting directions to a
  customer's office
• Calls to the police reporting a traffic accident
• Calls to a public utility reporting an outage of
  your telephone

50
T2A11 When may you use your station to tell
people about equipment you have for sale?

• Never
• When you are conducting an on-line auction
• When you are offering amateur radio equipment for
  sale or trade on an occasional basis
• When you are helping a recognized charity

51
T2B01 What must you transmit to identify
your amateur station?

• Your tactical ID
• Your call sign
• Your first name and your location
• Your full name

52
T2B02 What is a transmission called that
does not contain a station identification?

• Unidentified communications or signals
• Reluctance modulation
• Test emission
• Intentional interference

53
T2B03 How often must an amateur station
transmit the assigned call sign?

• At the beginning of each transmission and every
  10 minutes during communication
• Every 10 minutes during communications and at the
  end of each communication
• At the end of each transmission
• Only at the end of the communication

54
T2B04 What is an acceptable method of
transmitting a repeater station
identification?

• By phone using the English language
• By video image conforming to applicable standards
  
• By Morse code at a speed not to exceed 20 words
  per minute
• All of these answers are correct.

55
T2B05 What identification is required when
two amateur stations end communications?

• No identification is required
• One of the stations must transmit both stations'
  call signs
• Each station must transmit its own call sign
• Both stations must transmit both call signs

56
T2B06 What is the longest period of time an
amateur station can operate without
transmitting its call sign?

• 5 minutes
• 10 minutes
• 15 minutes
• 30 minutes

57
T2B07 What is a permissible way to identify
your station when you are speaking to another
amateur operator using a language other than
English?

• You must identify using the official version of
  the foreign language
• Identification is not required when using other
  languages
• You must identify using the English language
• You must identify using phonetics

58
T2B08 How often must you identify using your
assigned call sign when operating while
using a special event call sign?

• Every 10 minutes
• Once when the event begins and once when it
  concludes
• Never
• Once per hour

59
T2B09 What is required when using one or
more self-assigned indicators with your
assigned call sign?

• The indicator must not conflict with an indicator
  specified by FCC rules or with a prefix assigned
  to another country
• The indicator must consist only of numeric digits
  
• The indicator must include the 2-letter
  abbreviation for your state
• The indicator must be separated from your call
  sign by a double slash mark

60
T2B10 What is the correct way to identify when
visiting a station if you hold a higher class
license than that of the station licensee and
you are using a frequency not authorized to his
class of license?

• Send your call sign first, followed by his call
  sign
• Send his call sign first, followed by your call
  sign
• Send your call sign only, his is not required
• Send his call sign followed by "/KT"

61
T2B11 When exercising the operating privileges
earned by examination upgrade of a license
what is meant by use of the indicator "/AG"?

• Authorized General
• Adjunct General
• Address as General
• Automatically General

62
T2C01 What must every amateur station have
when transmitting?

• A frequency-measuring device
• A control operator
• A beacon transmitter
• A third party operator

63
T2C02 How many amateur operator/primary
station licenses may be held by one person?

• As many as desired
• One for each portable transmitter
• Only one
• One for each station location

64
T2C03 What minimum class of amateur license
must you hold to be a control operator of a
repeater station?

• Technician Plus
• Technician
• General
• Amateur Extra

65
T2C04 Who is responsible for the transmissions
from an amateur station?

• Auxiliary operator
• Operations coordinator
• Third-party operator
• Control operator

66
T2C05 When must an amateur station have a
control operator?

• Only when training another amateur
• Whenever the station receiver is operated
• Whenever the station is transmitting
• A control operator is not needed

67
T2C06 What is the control point of an
amateur station?

• The on/off switch of the transmitter
• The input/output port of a packet controller
• The variable frequency oscillator of a
  transmitter
• The location at which the control operator
  function is performed

68
T2C07 What type of amateur station does not
require a control operator to be at the
control point?

• A locally controlled station
• A remotely controlled station
• An automatically controlled station
• An earth station controlling a space station

69
T2C08 What are the three types of station
control permitted and recognized by FCC rule?

• Local, remote and automatic control
• Local, distant and automatic control
• Remote, distant and unauthorized control
• All of the choices are correct

70
T2C09 What type of control is being used on
a repeater when the control operator is not
present?

• Local control
• Remote control
• Automatic control
• Uncontrolled

71
T2C10 What type of control is being used when
transmitting using a handheld radio?

• Radio control
• Unattended control
• Automatic control
• Local control

72
T2C11 What type of control is used when the
control operator is not at the
station location but can
still make changes to a transmitter?

• Local control
• Remote control
• Automatic control
• Uncontrolled

73
T2C12 What is the definition of a control
operator of an amateur station?

• Anyone who operates the controls of the station
• Anyone who is responsible for the station's
  equipment
• An operator designated by the licensee to be
  responsible for the station's transmissions to
  assure compliance with FCC rules
• The operator with the highest class of license
  who is in control of the station

74
T2D01 Who is responsible for proper
operation if you transmit from another
amateur's station?

• Both of you
• Only the other station licensee
• Only you as the control operator
• Only the station licensee, unless the station
  records shows another control operator at the time

75
T2D02 What operating privileges are allowed
when another amateur holding a higher class
license is controlling your station?

• All privileges allowed by the higher class
  license
• Only the privileges allowed by your license
• All the emission privileges of the higher class
  license, but only the frequency privileges of
  your license
• All the frequency privileges of the higher class
  license, but only the emission privileges of your
  license

76
T2D03 What operating privileges are allowed when
you are the control operator at the
station of another
amateur who has a higher class license than yours?

• Any privileges allowed by the higher class
  license
• Only the privileges allowed by your license
• All the emission privileges of the higher class
  license, but only the frequency privileges of
  your license
• All the frequency privileges of the higher class
  license, but only the emission privileges of your
  license

77
T2D04 Which of the following is a prohibited
amateur radio transmission?

• Using amateur radio to seek emergency assistance
• Using amateur radio for conducting business
• Using an amateur phone patch to call for a taxi
  or food delivery
• Using an amateur phone patch to call home to say
  you are running late

78
T2D05 What is the definition of third-party
communications?

• A message sent between two amateur stations for
  someone else
• Public service communications for a political
  party
• Any messages sent by amateur stations
• A three-minute transmission to another amateur

79
T2D06 How many persons are required to be
members of a club for a club station license
to be issued by the FCC?

• At least 5
• At least 4
• A trustee and 2 officers
• At least 2

80
T2D07 When may you operate your amateur
station aboard an aircraft?

• At any time
• Only while the aircraft is on the ground
• Only with the approval of the pilot in command
  and not using the aircraft's radio equipment
• Only when you have written permission from the
  airline and only using the aircraft's radio
  equipment

81
T2D08 When is the FCC allowed to inspect your
station equipment and station records?

• Only on weekends
• At any time upon request
• Never
• Only during daylight hours

82
T2D09 How might you best keep unauthorized
persons from using your amateur station?

• Disconnect the power and microphone cables when
  not using your equipment
• Connect a dummy load to the antenna
• Put a "Danger - High Voltage" sign in the station
• Put fuses in the main power line

83
T2D10 Why are unlicensed persons in your
family not allowed to transmit on your
amateur station if you are not there?

• They must not use your equipment without your
  permission
• They must be licensed before they are allowed to
  be control operators
• They must know how to use proper procedures and Q
  signals
• They must know the right frequencies and
  emissions for transmitting

84
T2D11 When is it permissible for the control
operator of a club station to accept
compensation for sending information
bulletins or Morse code practice?

• When compensation is paid from a non-profit
  organization
• When the club station license is held by a
  non-profit organization
• Anytime compensation is needed
• When the station makes those transmissions for at
  least 40 hours per week