Collaboration and Education Group

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Collaboration and Education Group

• Anoop Gupta Jonathan Grudin
• David Bargeron Steven White
• Liwei He Yong Rui

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Collaboration and Education Group

• Formed about 12 months ago
• Mission
• To explore novel technologies and applications
  that enhance collaboration and education /
  training
• Current work focuses on streaming media
• Research model
• Evaluation Laboratory and Field Studies

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Focus on Communication

• Effective access/use of information is key to a
  modern corporation (Digital Nervous System)
• Much of this communication can be considered
  presentations, formal or informal
• slides and documents capture only a small part
• low-cost capture and on-demand availability
• Relevant participants are often not collocated
• must create sense of presence and awareness
• provide interactivity across time and place

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Three Issues that Frame Our Research

• There are too many presentations to attend
• ability to time-compress talks
• ability to summarize talks
• indexes for quick search/access
• Knowledge-creation does not end when the talk
  ends
• facilitating in-context asynchronous discussion
• Talks redesigned for online and asynchronous
  access
• social implications
• changes in organization and presentation of talks

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Ongoing Projects

• MSTE and MURL Online Seminars
• Time Compression and Skimming
• MRAS Multimedia Annotations
• Flatland Telepresentation System

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MSTE Online Presentations

• Logs of 10K sessions involving over 2K users
• Some results
• On-demand audience about 40 of live audience
• 60 lt 5 minutes
• Viewers jump around video
• Initial portions much more likely to be watched
• Presentations will be designed differently in
  future
• Present key messages early in talk
• Present key messages early in slide
• Use meaningful slide titles
• Reveal talk structure in slide titles
• Consider post-processing talk for on-line viewers

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Analysis of Online Presentation Viewing

• Logs of 10K sessions involving over 2K users
• Some results
• On-demand audience about 40 of live audience
• 60 lt 5 minutes
• Viewers jump around video
• Initial portions much more likely to be watched
• Presentations will be designed differently in
  future
• Present key messages early in talk
• Present key messages early in slide
• Use meaningful slide titles
• Reveal talk structure in slide titles
• Consider post-processing talk for on-line viewers

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Time Compression Synchronized Audio and Video

• To preserve pitch throw away portion of each
  100ms chunk, then stitch together
• Basic signal processing well known, but several
  systems issues
• Results of lab studies
• People choose 1.4 speed, dont adjust much
• They like it
• I think it will become a necessity Once people
  have experienced it they will never want to go
  back. Makes viewing long videos much, much
  easier.
• Comprehension may go up

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Skimming Compression Goes Nonlinear

• To beat 2x speedup, must throw away content
• Sources of information
• audio pauses, intonation, speech-to-text and NLP
• video scene changes
• other slide-changes, previous viewers patterns
• Lab studies of 4x-5x speedup
• Viewers learn from automatic summaries
• Viewers like and learn more when author-edited
• Mixed-initiative summarization is promising

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Ongoing Projects

• MSTE and MURL Online Seminars
• Time Compression and Skimming
• MRAS Multimedia Annotations
• Flatland Telepresentation System

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Initial Lab Studies of Annotated Video

• Personal note-taking (MRAS vs. Paper)
• 1 note / minute in each condition
• positioning none in paper 10-15s later in MRAS
• all subjects preferred MRAS (although more time),
  and thought more useful for future reference
• Shared notes study
• text preferred to audio
• 14/18 stated more participation than in live
  class
• auto-tracking particularly useful

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Annotation Field Studies Future Work

• MSTE class to use MRAS and recorded lectures
• Can we emulate live-classroom discussion in an
  asynchronous environment using MRAS?
• Will people interact/learn more using MRAS rather
  than in live classroom environments?
• How can we stimulate discussion / community
  formation in asynchronous environments?
• MS Usability Engineers highlights tapes
• Video is now organized by annotations
• Email distribution, playlists become key features
• Possible wider use in development
• Unified annotation platform architecture
• storage, naming, sharing, user interface

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Flatland Telepresentation System

• Joint project with the Virtual Worlds Group
• Flexible architecture for rapidly prototyping
  distributed collaborative applications

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Flatland
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Flatland Telepresentation System

• Joint project with the Virtual Worlds Group
• Flexible architecture for rapidly prototyping
  distributed collaborative applications
• Initial use in 3 multi-session MSTE classes
• Presentations from desktop to remote audience
• Students
• Liked the convenience
• Liked ability to multitask
• Did not think learning suffered
• Instructors
• Missed familiar sources of feedback
• Comfort level rose over time for 2 of 3
• Overall Lack of awareness of others a key
  problem

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Telepresence Issues Being Explored

• Can capture and replay telepresentations
• Opportunity to integrate compression, annotation
• Examining mixed live/remote audience designs
• Enhancing sense of presence and awareness
• Merging real-time and asynchronous information

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