Sociological Survey Report

1
Sociological Survey Report
Georgia 2008
2
Survey Objectives

• Identify the needs and problems of the
  population, study the level of their involvement
  in solving issues from gender perspective
• Identify the public awareness level regarding
  parliamentary elections
• Conduct the public opinion poll on womens
  participation at the decision making levels
• Find the gender differences in populations
  electoral behavior

3
Methodology

• Method FACE-to-FACE interviews were conducted
  with the random sample selected on after
  preliminary stratification.
• Sample size and design. 509 respondents.
• Area. Tbilisi (235 respondents), Imereti (74
  respondents), Samegrelo (54 respondents), Kvemo
  Kartli (71 respondents), Kakheti (40
  respondents), Guria (35 respondents)
• Survey period. 01/05/08-10/05/08
• Accuracy. Standard deviation 4, 95 confidence
  interval.

4
Results of the Public Opinion Poll
5
1. Please list the most acute problems in your region? () 1. Please list the most acute problems in your region? () 1. Please list the most acute problems in your region? () 1. Please list the most acute problems in your region? () 1. Please list the most acute problems in your region? () 1. Please list the most acute problems in your region? ()
Region Region Gender Gender Total
  Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Unemployment 22,7 42,3 32,6 40,1 35,2
Social issues 3,4 16,0 13,1 8,4 11,4
Difficult to answer 23,1 4,9 12,6 9,3 11,4
Economical issues 3,4 12,7 9,6 8,9 9,3
Cleaning 14,3 1,6 6,6 5,5 6,2
Roads 9,7 4,0 6,6 5,1 6,0
Water supply 1,7 4,7 3,3 4,2 3,6
Communal issues 7,6 0,9 3,3 3,4 3,3
Drug abuse 3,4 0,7 0,5 3,8 1,7
Transportation problem 2,5 0,5 1,9 0,0 1,2
Gas supply 0,0 1,9 1,2 1,3 1,2
Criminal situation 2,5 0,0 0,2 2,1 0,9
Education issues 0,0 1,2 1,2 0,0 0,8
Street dogs 1,7 0,0 0,9 0,0 0,6
Damaged flats 1,7 0,0 0,9 0,0 0,6
Price increases 0,8 0,5 0,5 0,8 0,6
None 1,7 0,0 0,5 0,8 0,6
Total 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0
6
2. Are you engaged in the process of solving the problems of your region? () 2. Are you engaged in the process of solving the problems of your region? () 2. Are you engaged in the process of solving the problems of your region? () 2. Are you engaged in the process of solving the problems of your region? () 2. Are you engaged in the process of solving the problems of your region? () 2. Are you engaged in the process of solving the problems of your region? ()
Region Region Gender Gender Total
Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Yes 8,9 47,4 25,6 36,2 29,5
No 72,8 46,7 63,8 50,3 58,8
Difficult to answer 18,3 5,9 10,6 13,5 11,7
Total 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0
7
2. Are you engaged in the process of solving the
problems of your region? ()
8
2. Are you engaged in the process of solving the
problems of your region? ()
9
2. Are you engaged in the process of solving the
problems of your region? ()
10
3. What kind of elections are to be held in Spring 2008? 3. What kind of elections are to be held in Spring 2008? 3. What kind of elections are to be held in Spring 2008? 3. What kind of elections are to be held in Spring 2008? 3. What kind of elections are to be held in Spring 2008? 3. What kind of elections are to be held in Spring 2008?
Region Region Gender Gender Total
  Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Parliamentary 96,6 97,4 98,1 95,1 97,0
Presidential 1,7 1,8 1,2 2,7 1,8
Local Self-government   0,7 0,6   0,4
Difficult to answer 1,7     2,2 0,8
Total 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0 100,0
11
3. What kind of elections are to be held in
Spring 2008?
12
3. What kind of elections are to be held in
Spring 2008?
13
5. Who do you think do not influence outcomes of the elections? 5. Who do you think do not influence outcomes of the elections? 5. Who do you think do not influence outcomes of the elections? 5. Who do you think do not influence outcomes of the elections? 5. Who do you think do not influence outcomes of the elections? 5. Who do you think do not influence outcomes of the elections?
Region Region Gender Gender Total
Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Electorate 34,0 58,4 44,1 51,6 46,9
Candidate 9,4 10,7 11,1 8,2 10,1
Money 7,7 14,5 9,5 14,3 11,3
Central Election Committee 15,3 1,1 8,3 7,1 7,8
Government 32,3 11,8 23,5 18,1 21,5
Persons with authority 0,4 1,9 1,6 0,5 1,2
Informal leaders   0,4 0,3   0,2
Youth 0,9 0,4 1,0   0,6
Females   0,8 0,6   0,4
Total 100 100 100 100 100
14
6. Do you think that the parliamentary elections
will be held with ()
15
6. Do you think that the parliamentary elections will be held with () 6. Do you think that the parliamentary elections will be held with () 6. Do you think that the parliamentary elections will be held with () 6. Do you think that the parliamentary elections will be held with () 6. Do you think that the parliamentary elections will be held with () 6. Do you think that the parliamentary elections will be held with ()
Region Region Gender Gender Total
Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
With significant violations 28,9 21,9 25,7 24,2 25,1
With insignificant violations 61,3 50,4 55,8 54,8 55,4
Without violations 6,4 22,6 14,4 16,1 15,0
Other 3,4 5,2 4,1 4,8 4,4
Total 100 100 100 100 100
16
7. Why do you think people desire to become parliament members? () 7. Why do you think people desire to become parliament members? () 7. Why do you think people desire to become parliament members? () 7. Why do you think people desire to become parliament members? () 7. Why do you think people desire to become parliament members? () 7. Why do you think people desire to become parliament members? ()
Region Region Gender Gender Total
Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Dont know 20,1 3,1 13,5 8,6 11,6
For personal aggrandizement 50,2 53,3 50,0 54,6 51,8
Some for money, others for the country 11,4 13,7 12,1 13,2 12,5
For covering/lobbying their business 9,6   5,3 4,0 4,8
For social status 3,5 0,9 2,8 1,1 2,2
For power 3,5 4,0 3,2 4,6 3,7
To benefit population 1,7 25,1 13,1 13,8 13,4
Total 100 100 100 100 100
17
7. Why do you think people desire to become
parliament members? ()
18

• Unemployment remains the most urgent issue for 35
  of the respondents. This issue is more acute
  for males. More than 40 of male respondents
  think that unemployment is the main problem for
  the country.
• 29 of the respondents are involved in some way
  in solving problems of their respective regions.
  The figure for male respondents is 35 and 25
  for females.
• Percentage of population with awareness
  regarding the parliamentary elections is very
  high 97. There is no gender difference with
  regard to that issue.
• According to the respondents voters themselves
  (47) and government (21,5) significant
  influance on the voting. If there is only 2
  difference between the two variables in Tbilisi,
  the difference increases for the voters and
  reaches 47. Percentage of females who consider
  that the government is the decisive subject
  exceeds that of males by 5 and the percentage of
  males who think that voters represent decisive
  factor exceeds that of females by 7.
• Only 25 of the respondents think that 2008
  parliamentary elections will be conducted with
  significant violations. No gender differences.
• 52 of the respondents think that members of
  parliament would like to be members of parliament
  for their own aggrandizement. 4 more males share
  the viewpoint.

19
8. Do you think that it is necessary to increase
the number of women in the governmental bodies?
()
20
8. Do you think that it is necessary to increase the number of women in the governmental bodies? () 8. Do you think that it is necessary to increase the number of women in the governmental bodies? () 8. Do you think that it is necessary to increase the number of women in the governmental bodies? () 8. Do you think that it is necessary to increase the number of women in the governmental bodies? () 8. Do you think that it is necessary to increase the number of women in the governmental bodies? () 8. Do you think that it is necessary to increase the number of women in the governmental bodies? ()
Region Region Gender Gender Total
Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
It is not necessary 28,1 18,5 20,6 27,0 22,9
It is desirable, but not necessary 29,4 50,2 41,4 38,9 40,5
It is necessary 34,9 28,0 33,6 27,0 31,2
Difficult to answer 7,7 3,3 4,4 7,0 5,3
Total 100,00 100,00 100,00 100,00 100,00
21
9. From your prospective, female participation
should increase at which level of government? ()
22
9. From your prospective, female participation should increase at which level of government? () 9. From your prospective, female participation should increase at which level of government? () 9. From your prospective, female participation should increase at which level of government? () 9. From your prospective, female participation should increase at which level of government? () 9. From your prospective, female participation should increase at which level of government? () 9. From your prospective, female participation should increase at which level of government? ()
Region Region Gender Gender Total
  Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Parliament 31,6 54,7 45,8 40,2 43,8
Cabinet of Ministers 6,1 7,0 7,1 5,6 6,5
Local Self - government 57,1 30,2 41,3 45,8 42,9
No place in politics for females 5,2 8,1 5,8 8,4 6,7
Total 100 100 100 100 100
23
10. From your perspective, what hampers womens more active involvement in politics? () 10. From your perspective, what hampers womens more active involvement in politics? () 10. From your perspective, what hampers womens more active involvement in politics? () 10. From your perspective, what hampers womens more active involvement in politics? () 10. From your perspective, what hampers womens more active involvement in politics? () 10. From your perspective, what hampers womens more active involvement in politics? ()
Region Region Gender Gender Total
Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Discrimination of women in the society and stereotype of womens role 1,7 23,9 16,4 8,6 13,5
Family 55,7 41,0 45,6 51,9 47,9
Political system and political culture 11,9 11,6 13,8 8,1 11,7
Lack of womens desire and experience 17,0 13,4 11,6 21,1 15,1
Difficult to answer 13,6 10,1 12,6 10,3 11,7
Total 100 100 100 100 100
24
11. Do you think that a working style of a female
politician differs from a working style of a male
politician? ()
25
11. Do you think that working style of a female politician differs from a working style of a male politician? () 11. Do you think that working style of a female politician differs from a working style of a male politician? () 11. Do you think that working style of a female politician differs from a working style of a male politician? () 11. Do you think that working style of a female politician differs from a working style of a male politician? () 11. Do you think that working style of a female politician differs from a working style of a male politician? () 11. Do you think that working style of a female politician differs from a working style of a male politician? ()
Region Region Gender Gender Total
Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
No essential differences 9,8 17,0 13,5 14,1 13,7
There are differences 86,8 77,0 80,9 82,7 81,5
Difficult to answer 3,4 5,9 5,6 3,2 4,8
Total 100 100 100 100 100
26
14. What measures should be taken to increase chances of involvement of women in politics? 14. What measures should be taken to increase chances of involvement of women in politics? 14. What measures should be taken to increase chances of involvement of women in politics? 14. What measures should be taken to increase chances of involvement of women in politics? 14. What measures should be taken to increase chances of involvement of women in politics? 14. What measures should be taken to increase chances of involvement of women in politics?
Region Region Gender Gender Total
  Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Enhancement of public education 9,6 26,3 18,6 18,5 18,5
Conduct educational work for those who wants to be involved in politics 7,4 22,9 16,3 14,7 15,7
Establishment of female groups at each party and community union 3,5 13,9 9,9 7,6 9,1
Establishment of womens political party 0,9 4,9 3,2 2,7 3,0
Women participation will increase along with improvement of economic conditions 25,7 18,8 26,3 14,7 22,0
Difficult to answer 53,0 13,2 25,6 41,8 31,7
Total 100 100 100 100 100
27
15. To which representative of gender would you give preference during elections for public offices? 15. To which representative of gender would you give preference during elections for public offices? 15. To which representative of gender would you give preference during elections for public offices? 15. To which representative of gender would you give preference during elections for public offices? 15. To which representative of gender would you give preference during elections for public offices? 15. To which representative of gender would you give preference during elections for public offices?
Region Region Gender Gender Total
  Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Female 13,2 8,1 11,8 8,2 10,5
More to female than to male 17,9 11,4 16,1 11,4 14,4
Does not matter 37,0 34,6 38,1 31,5 35,7
More to male than to female 24,3 19,5 17,0 29,9 21,7
Male 5,1 9,6 4,6 12,5 7,5
Difficult to answer 2,6 16,9 12,4 6,5 10,3
Total 100 100 100 100 100
28

• According to the 40,5 of the respondents
  participation of females in politics is
  desirable. Only 23 of the respondents do not
  think that womens participation in
  decision-making is necessary. 7 more males
  consider women participation necessary as well as
  7 more females.
• 44 and 43 of the respondents think that
  females must be represented mainly in the
  parliament and local self-government bodies. Only
  6 think that there is place for them in the
  cabinet of ministers as well. There is no gender
  differences, though significant regional
  differences are apparent. 20 more of the Tbilisi
  respondents see womens role more in local
  self-government and 25 more regional respondents
  indicate necessity of female participation in the
  parliament.
• 48 of the respondents consider that family
  obligations hinder more active involvement of
  women in politics. Out of them 52 are males and
  46 - females. Lack of desire and experience of
  females is named as one of the factors hindering
  more active involvement of females in politics
  (15). It is interesting that 12 of females and
  21 of males share the idea.
• 81 of the respondents think that working style
  of females differs from that of males. There are
  no gender differences.
• According to 22 of the respondents chances for
  female participation in politics would increase
  along with improvement of economic conditions.
  14 of males and 26 of females share this idea.
• 36 remain neutral in making decision in favor
  of male or female. It should be noted that 42 of
  males favor males and 22 of females favor
  females. 28 of females and only 19 of males are
  in favor of electing females.

29
16. Do you agree with the following statements? () 16. Do you agree with the following statements? () 16. Do you agree with the following statements? () 16. Do you agree with the following statements? () 16. Do you agree with the following statements? ()
  Yeas No Non response Total
1. Female politicians give less attention to their families 61 29 11 100
2. Work is more important than family for female politicians 53 34 13 100
3. Support from husband and other family members is necessary for a female politician to be successful 74 16 10 100
4. If female is involved in politics her spouse feels suppressed 23 63 14 100
5. Males carrier is always a priority in a family 55 32 13 100
6. The only role for a female must be support to her husband 15 72 13 100
30
16. Do you agree with the following statements? () 16. Do you agree with the following statements? () 16. Do you agree with the following statements? () 16. Do you agree with the following statements? () 16. Do you agree with the following statements? () 16. Do you agree with the following statements? () 16. Do you agree with the following statements? () 16. Do you agree with the following statements? () 16. Do you agree with the following statements? ()
  Tbilisi Tbilisi Tbilisi Tbilisi Region Region Region Region
  Yeas No Non response Total Yeas No Non response Total
1. Female politicians give less attention to their families 64 35 1 100 57 23 19 100
2. Work is more important than family for female politicians 63 36 1 100 45 32 23 100
3. Support from husband and other family members is necessary for a female politician to be successful 68 31 1 100 79 4 17 100
4. If female is involved in politics her spouse feels suppressed 28 71 1 100 20 55 25 100
5. Males carrier is always a priority in a family 52 47 1 100 58 19 23 100
6. The only role for a female must be support to her husband 17 82 1 100 14 63 23 100
31
16. Do you agree with the following statements?
()
32
16. Do you agree with the following statements?
()
33
17. Should a female be engaged in family care if
the family is well-off financially and does not
need additional financial income?
34
17. Should a female be engaged in family care if
the family is well-off financially and does not
need additional financial income?
35
17. Should a female be engaged in family care if the family is well-off financially and does not need additional financial income? 17. Should a female be engaged in family care if the family is well-off financially and does not need additional financial income? 17. Should a female be engaged in family care if the family is well-off financially and does not need additional financial income? 17. Should a female be engaged in family care if the family is well-off financially and does not need additional financial income? 17. Should a female be engaged in family care if the family is well-off financially and does not need additional financial income? 17. Should a female be engaged in family care if the family is well-off financially and does not need additional financial income?
Region Region Gender Gender Total
  Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Yes 25,8 14,8 20,1 19,6 19,9
No 62,9 81,1 74,8 69,0 72,6
Diff. to answer 11,4 4,2 5,2 11,4 7,5
Total 100 100 100 100 100
36
18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? () 18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? () 18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? () 18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? () 18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? ()
  Yes No Non response Total
1. Women do not trust each-other 37,5 48,6 13,9 100,0
2. There are few female candidates participating in elections 66,2 21,2 12,6 100,0
3. It is not reasonable to elect females 15,9 64,8 19,3 100,0
4. Negative image of some female politicians 42,0 36,7 21,3 100,0
5. Weak election campaign of female candidates 38,3 42,8 18,9 100,0
6. Female voters are less active voters 19,4 62,3 18,3 100,0
7. Indifferent attitude of females towards elections 14,1 66,8 19,1 100,0
8. A female does not see much of her rights protector in another female 40,1 40,9 19,0 100,0
37
18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? () 18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? () 18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? () 18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? () 18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? () 18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? () 18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? () 18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? () 18. There is an idea that female voters to not support female candidates. Do you agree to this? ()
  Tbilisi Tbilisi Tbilisi Tbilisi Region Region Region Region
  Yes No Non response Total Yes No Non response Total
1. Women do not trust each-other 46,8 52,3 0,9 100,0 29,6 45,3 25,2 100,1
2. There are few female candidates participating in elections 59,1 40,4 0,4 99,9 72,3 4,7 23,0 100,0
3. It is not reasonable to elect females 26,4 72,8 0,9 100,1 6,9 58,0 35,0 99,9
4. Negative image of some female politicians 40,4 58,7 0,9 100,0 43,4 17,9 38,7 100,0
5. Weak election campaign of female candidates 35,3 63,8 0,9 100,0 40,9 24,8 34,3 100,0
6. Female voters are less active voters 23,8 75,3 0,9 100,0 15,7 51,1 33,2 100,0
7. Indifferent attitude of females towards elections 19,1 79,1 1,7 99,9 9,9 56,2 33,9 100,0
8. A female does not see much of her rights protector in another female 53,6 42,6 3,8 100,0 28,5 39,4 32,1 100,0
38
18. Do you agree with the following ideas?
39
18. Do you agree with the following ideas?
40

• 56 of female respondents and 68 of male
  respondents think that female politicians give
  less attention to their families. 25 of female
  respondents and 21 of male respondents think
  that when a female is in politics her spouse
  feels suppressed. It is also interesting that 51
  of female respondents and 61 of male respondents
  think that carrier of husband in a family is more
  important. According to 19 of males and 13 of
  females think that role of female is to support
  husband. M
• According to the 73 of the respondents females
  must be engaged only in family care if the family
  is financially well-off. There is no gender
  difference with regard to this issue.
• 66 of the respondents think that female
  candidates are few in elections taking from
  females opportunity of supporting female
  candidates.
• 32.5 of female respondents and 47 of male
  respondents think that absence of support from
  female voters to female candidates is caused by
  mistrust.
• 40 of the respondents think that females do not
  see protector of their interest in females. This
  viewpoint is share by 48 of males and 35 of
  females.

41
19. Which problems would you try to tackle in the first place were of a member of the parliament? () 19. Which problems would you try to tackle in the first place were of a member of the parliament? () 19. Which problems would you try to tackle in the first place were of a member of the parliament? () 19. Which problems would you try to tackle in the first place were of a member of the parliament? () 19. Which problems would you try to tackle in the first place were of a member of the parliament? () 19. Which problems would you try to tackle in the first place were of a member of the parliament? ()
Region Region Gender Gender Total
Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Employment issue 25,5 50,2 41,4 30,7 37,5
Economic problems 7,8 19,8 13,7 13,5 13,6
I would not be an MP 11,3 0,9 4,9 8,6 6,3
Social issues 13,4 7,4 13,7 4,9 10,5
I would re-unite Georgia 8,7 8,8 5,6 14,1 8,7
I do not know 12,1 1,8 7,4 6,7 7,1
Education issue 3,0 1,4 2,1 2,5 2,2
Cleaning issues 3,9   2,5 1,2 2,0
Criminal situation problem 3,5   1,1 3,1 1,8
Demographic problems 1,3 1,8 1,8 1,2 1,6
Communal problems 1,3 1,4 0,7 2,5 1,3
Damaged residential houses 2,6   0,7 2,5 1,3
Drug abuse 2,6     3,7 1,3
I would improve legislature 0,4 1,8 1,4 0,6 1,1
Fair courts   1,8 0,7 1,2 0,9
Return of refugees   1,4 0,4 1,2 0,7
Water supply problem 0,9   0,4 0,6 0,4
All problems together 0,9   0,7   0,4
The issue of tramp dogs 0,4   0,4   0,2
Organization of public communal services 0,4     0,6 0,2
Land   0,5 0,4   0,2
Pasture   0,5   0,6 0,2
Make enterprises work   0,5 0,4   0,2
Total 100 100 100 100 100
42
20. Are you going to participate in the
parliamentary elections? ()
43
20. Are you going to participate in the parliamentary elections? () 20. Are you going to participate in the parliamentary elections? () 20. Are you going to participate in the parliamentary elections? () 20. Are you going to participate in the parliamentary elections? () 20. Are you going to participate in the parliamentary elections? () 20. Are you going to participate in the parliamentary elections? ()
Region Region Gender Gender Total
Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Yes 76,2 71,5 73,5 73,9 73,7
No 6,8 18,9 11,5 16,3 13,3
I have not decided 17,0 9,6 15,0 9,8 13,1
Total 100 100 100 100 100
44
20. Are you going to participate in the
parliamentary elections ? ()
45
21. Have you already made decision regarding which party or party candidate to support? () 21. Have you already made decision regarding which party or party candidate to support? () 21. Have you already made decision regarding which party or party candidate to support? () 21. Have you already made decision regarding which party or party candidate to support? () 21. Have you already made decision regarding which party or party candidate to support? () 21. Have you already made decision regarding which party or party candidate to support? ()
Region Region Gender Gender Total
Tbilisi Region Female Male Total
Yes 44,3 84,8 64,2 69,0 65,9
No 55,7 15,2 35,8 31,0 34,1
Total 100 100 100 100 100
46

• Answer of 41 of females and 31 of males to the
  question - Which problems would you try to tackle
  in the first place were of a member of the
  parliament? was solving unemployment issue.
  There is gender difference with regard to
  unifying Georgia. 14 of males and only 5 of
  females think that this issue is the most
  important one.
• 74 of the respondents are going to participate
  in the parliamentary elections (without gender
  differences).
• 5 more males had strictly decided not to
  participate in the elections when 5 more females
  had not yet made decision whether they would
  express their political will by participation in
  the elections.
• Interesting fact 66 of the respondents have
  already decided which party they are going to
  vote for. It is also interesting that in Tbilisi
  only 44 of the respondents had made the decision
  against 85 in the regions.

47
Main Conclusions

• The survey results showed
• Unemployment and social support issues are
  priorities. Population in the regions is more
  actively involved in solving problems existing in
  the country than respondents from Tbilisi.

• Public awareness regarding the parliamentary
  elections is quite high. There are no gender
  differences with regard to awareness.

48

• Voters will have decisive influence on the
  results of the elections according to the
  majority of the respondents out of which more
  females than males think that government has
  significant influence.
• According to female respondents participation of
  females is most necessary in the parliament, when
  males consider local self-government the best
  venue for female participation in politics.

• Majority of the respondents think that working
  style of females is different from that of males.
  Although majority of the respondents think that
  it is desirable to elect females in government
  bodies, this remains just a declaration as
  majority of them are not ready to see females in
  government bodies. There are no gender
  differences in this case

49

• Major part of the respondents do not consider
  gender as a factor in voting for a politician.
  Although, most of them notes that female
  involvement hiders there fulfillment of family
  obligations. It should also be noted that quite a
  big group of males does not consider appointment
  of a female in a position with high
  responsibilities reasonable.
• The respondents hope that the parliamentary
  elections will be held without violations. At the
  same time they note that candidates want to
  become MPs for their personal aggrandizement. It
  is also interesting that mainly population has
  already made decisions regarding whom to vote 1
  month before the parliamentary elections.

50
Main public opinion changes (Comparison with the
2006 survey results)

• Female awareness regarding the elections
  increased by 18
• Number of voters, which think that gender of a
  candidate is irrelevant increased by 10
• Number of respondents who think that family
  obligations is the main factor hindering females
  from becoming more politically active
• Number of respondents who considered stereotypes
  as a reason for becoming females more active in
  politics decreased by 14
• Number of respondents who think that working
  style of females and males are different
  increased by almost 30
• Number of respondents who think that improvement
  of economic conditions is a factor in females
  taking more active political role increased by
  6
• Number of respondents in favor of establishment
  of female groups at political parties increased
  by 3
• Number of respondents who think that female
  participation in politics is desirable increased
  by 15.