IMPORTANT NOTICE: Please read first!

1
IMPORTANT NOTICE Please read first!

• DISCLAIMER
• The following translated document originates from
  Brazil, is based on Brazilian data and
  experience, and was developed by EMBRAPA for
  Brazilian farmers. Aspects of SBR development and
  fungicide efficacy comparisons may not be the
  same under U.S. and Brazilian conditions.
  Similarly, certain control measures suggested by
  Brazilian officials reflect the unique SBR
  situation in Brazil, as well as year-round
  soybean production in certain parts of that
  country. Therefore, do not use this information
  for making fungicide purchasing or SBR control
  decisions in the U.S. Instead, use control
  measures developed by your states Land Grant
  University scientists. Be advised that fungicide
  product names for the same active ingredient and
  manufacturer are typically different for Brazil
  and the U.S. however,  the common names for the
  active ingredient (such as tebuconazole or
  propiconazole or azoxystrobin) are the same in
  both countries.
• For more information or clarification about the
  translated document, contact
• D. Hershman
• Extension Plant Pathologist
• University of Kentucky, Princeton, KY
• dhershma_at_uky.edu

2
Chemical Control
When to control ? Scouting fields/sentinels to
observe at the earliest sign of infcetion.
Spray right after first symptoms are observed
(pustules on plant botton leaves) or spray
preventively, considering

• Presence of symptoms in the sentinel plots,
• Reduced operational capacity,
• Favorable weather conditions,
• Plant development stage,
• Rust present in the region,
• Incidence of other diseases (broad range
  fungicide).

3
Number of sprays?

• Stage of plant development when rust occurs
• Reincidence of rust
• Cost/benefits of the treatment (V2?)

Vegetative
Reproductive
W.M.Paiva
4
Products Registered for rust control in Brazil
AGROFIT www.agricultura.gov.br
5
(No Transcript)
6
Fungicidas registrados no MAPA para o controle da
ferrugem da soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) -
observar cadastro no estado
continua
7
continuação
Fungicidas registrados no MAPA para o controle da
ferrugem da soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) -
observar cadastro no estado
8
(No Transcript)
9
Efficiency of fungicides is closely related to
spray techniques
IMPORTANT Reach the target with an adequate
coverage. (minimun 60 drops/cm2))
J.T. Yorinori
10
The Green Bridge Problem
Primavera do Leste, MT 2003
11
(No Transcript)
12
RESISTANCE
Lesion type TAN no necrosis
J.T. Yorinori
Lesion type RB - reddish brown
13
Resistance

• There are four major genes Rpp1, Rpp2, Rpp3 e
  Rpp4
• Resistant cultivars BRS 134
• BRSMS Bacuri
• CS 201
• FT-2
• FT-3
• FT-17
• FT-2001
• Campos Gerais
• KIS 601
• Ocepar 7

14
Tianá
Pirarara
15
Tianá
MTBR 19923
16
Screening Genotypes
17
STRATEGIES FOR CONTROL

• Crop Management between seasons
• Eliminate volunteer plants
• Avoid a second soybean crop (safrinha)
• Avoid winter irrigated soybeans. Need 3-4 sprays

18
Spray at the right time.
19
Soybean Volunteer plant
Kudzu (Pueraria lobata)
20
Kudzu infected with rust and soybeans, side by
side in Paraguai.
21
Early plantings producing inocula for late
plantings
J.T. Yorinori
22
Scouting and Chemical Control

• Plot Sentinels

• Susceptible cultivars sowed before normal time
  without fungicide treatment

23
Scouting and Chemical Control

• Make the scouting as large as possible, keeping
  more attention to the first sowings and humid
  areas

• Walking and frequency of sampling
• after emergence and intensify after flowering
• after evidences of infection in the region

24
Scouting and Chemical Control

• Colect middle and bottom leaves

J.T. Yorinori
J.T. Yorinori
25
Scouting and Chemical Control

• Look for symptoms of rust

26
Scouting and Chemical Control

• Incubate leaves for easy diagnosis
• In case of doubt, send leaves to well trained
  laboratory for diagnosis

J.T.Yorinori
27
Laboratories localized in the principal regions
http//www.cnpso.embrapa.br/alerta
28
Rust Dispersion Information System
http//www.cnpso.embrapa.br/alerta
29

• Thank you
• for yor attention!