Matter

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Matter
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Vocabulary

• Matter
• Atom
• Element
• Proton
• Neutron
• Nucleus
• Electron
• Atomic Number

• Mass Number
• Isotope
• Compound
• Ion
• Mixture
• Heterogeneous Mixture
• Homogeneous Mixture
• Density

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What do water, ice, and steam have in common?
http//video.google.com/videoplay?docid-126156650
3477585548
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Matter

• Heat and light ARE NOT matter because they do not
  have mass or take up space.
• If all the objects you see are matter, why do
  they look so different?
• Anything that has mass and takes up space.

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Mass

• Loosely defined as the amount of matter an object
  contains.

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Atoms

• If all the articles you see are made up of
  matter, why do they look so different?
• The structure of different atoms and how they are
  joined together determine the properties of
  matter.
• The building blocks of matter are atoms.
• The tiny particles that make up all matter are
  atoms.

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Lithium Atom
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Parts of an Atom
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Electrons
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What is an accelerator, and How does it work?

• http//education.jlab.org/sitetour/index.html

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Elements

• Substances that are made of only one type of atom
  and cannot be broken down by normal chemical or
  physical means.
• Native elements are minerals consisting of one
  element found in the earths crust.

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Sing Along to the Elements ?
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Lyrics to the Elements Song ?

• It's simply the names of the chemical elements
  set to a possibly recognizable tune.
• There's antimony, arsenic, aluminum, selenium,
  And hydrogen and oxygen and nitrogen and rhenium
  And nickel, neodymium, neptunium, germanium,
  And iron, americium, ruthenium, uranium,
  Europium, zirconium, lutetium, vanadium And
  lanthanum and osmium and astatine and radium And
  gold, protactinium and indium and gallium
  (inhale) And iodine and thorium and thulium and
  thallium.
• There's yttrium, ytterbium, actinium, rubidium
  And boron, gadolinium, niobium, iridium And
  strontium and silicon and silver and samarium,
  And bismuth, bromine, lithium, beryllium and
  barium.

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• Isn't that interesting? I knew you would. I
  hope you're all taking notes, because there's
  gonna be a short quiz next period.
• There's holmium and helium and hafnium and
  erbium And phosphorous and francium and fluorine
  and terbium And manganese and mercury,
  molybdinum, magnesium, Dysprosium and scandium
  and cerium and cesium And lead, praseodymium,
  and platinum, plutonium, Paladium, promethium,
  potassium, polonium, and Tantalum, technetium,
  titanium, tellurium, (inhale) And cadmium and
  calcium and chromium and curium.
• There's sulfur, californium and fermium,
  berkelium And also mendelevium, einsteinium and
  nobelium And argon, krypton, neon, radon, xenon,
  zinc and rhodium And chlorine, carbon, cobalt,
  copper, Tungsten, tin and sodium.
• These are the only ones of which the news has
  come to Harvard, And there may be many others
  but they haven't been discovered.''

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The Periodic Table of Elements
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Periodic Table of the Elements
The periodic table was invented by the Russian
chemist Dmitri Mendeleyev (1834-1907), which he
published in Principles of Chemistry in 1869. His
periodic table arranged the 63 known chemical
elements in order of their atomic mass. Today,
the elements in the periodic table are ordered by
their atomic number.
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Some of the groups are

• Group IA Alkaline metals
• Group IIA Alkaline Earth metals
• Group IIIA Light metals
• Group IVA Carbon family
• Group VA Nitrogen family
• Group VIA Chalcogen (Oxygen) family
• Group VIIA Halogens
• Group VIIIA Noble Gases

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How to Read the Periodic Table
Group
Period
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How to Read the Periodic Table

• Groups or Families
• The vertical columns of the periodic table (there
  are 18) are called groups or families. Elements
  in the same group or family have similar but not
  identical characteristics.
• Periods
• The horizontal rows of the periodic table are
  called periods. Elements in a period are not
  alike in properties.

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Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids
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Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids

• Metals
• Most elements are metals. 88 elements to the left
  of the stairstep line are metals or metal like
  elements
• Nonmetals
• Nonmetals are found to the right of the stairstep
  line.
• Metalloids
• Elements on both sides of the zigzag line have
  properties of both metals and nonmetals.

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Symbol
Element
Atomic Mass

• The number of protons equals the atomic number.
• In a neutral atom, the number of protons is
  equal to the number of electrons.
• The mass number of an atom is equal to the number
  of protons plus the number of neutrons.

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Mass Number
 
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• http//www.teachnet.ie/macalvey/atomic20mumber.ht
  mcalculating