Scotland and Wales

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Scotland and Wales
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Scotland

• Physical Characteristics
• Occupies 1/3 of land area in UK
• Less than 10 of UK population lives in Scotland
• Rugged heavy glaciers
• Cheviot Hills and Tweed River separate Scotland
  from England
• Divided into 3 formal regions
• Northern Highlands
• Central Lowlands
• Southern Uplands

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Highlands

• Large high plateau
• Many lakes called Lochs
• Grampian Mountains reach past 4000 feet high
• Coastal inlets called firths
• Covered with moors broad treeless rolling
  plains
• Bogs areas of wet spongy grounds
• Winds off Atlantic bring steady rainfall
• Damp soil limits plant growth (grasses and low
  shrubs)
• Economy fishing and sheep herding/ home
  industry and production of tweed

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• Central Lowlands
• South of highlands
• 75 of Scotlands population live in the region
  (Edinburgh and Glasgow)
• Economy Ship building industry
• Clyde Shipbuilders established UK as worlds
  leading naval power
• Industry has declined, loss of jobs

• Southern Uplands
• Closest to English Border
• Cheviot Hills highest in area, rolling plateaus
  worn by glaciers
• Economy primarily sheep raising, Tweed River
  Valley woolen mills
• Tourism Medieval abbeys and low, hilly
  landscapes

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• Scottish Culture
• New Industries
• Oil in North sea
• Computer and electronic businesses
• Silicon Glen (glen narrow valley)
• Retained its own culture despite union with
  England
• Scottish and English parliaments united in 1707
  (Act of Union)
• Trading and political rights retained
• Presbyterian Church
• 1997 voters approved creation of Scottish
  Parliament
• Some Scots favor becoming a separate country
• St. Andrew Patron Saint of Scotland
• Bagpipes
• Haggis
• heart, lungs, and liver of sheep
• Mixed with oatmeal, formed like a sausage and
  boiled

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WALES

• Physical Characteristics
• Peninsula on Island of Great Britain
• Size of Massachusetts about 20,000 sq. km
• 80 of land is dedicated to agriculture
• 3 national parks
• Snowden Highest Mountain in Wales
• Landscape similar to Scotland
• Highlands area in North Wales
• Lowlands run along Southern Coast
• Cambrian Mountains in Central Wales
• Marine West Coast Climate
• Usually receives more rain than Southern England
• Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysilio
  gogogoch, which in English means 'St Mary's
  Church in a hollow of the white hazel near to the
  rapid whirlpool and St Tysil's Church of the red
  cave. located in Northwest Wales longest
  place name in Europe

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• Language
• 2.9 million people speak English
• 20 speak Welsh
• Spoken mainly in Mountains of Northern Wales
• Handed down from Celtic people
• 1980s won right to broadcast television programs
  entirely in Welsh
• Government
• 1500s Welsh representatives sat in Parliament
• Prime Minister
• Fight for cultural independence
• Has its own capital city (Cardiff)
• Postage, flag and language

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• Economy
• 1800 1900s coal mining and industry
• Mines in Rhondda Valley Britains biggest coal
  producer
• By 1980s most coal mines had closed
• Unemployment soared
• Foreign investment brought technological industry
  to Wales
• Tourism
• Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysilio
  gogogoch, which in English means 'St Mary's
  Church in a hollow of the white hazel near to the
  rapid whirlpool and St Tysil's Church of the red
  cave. located in Northwest Wales longest
  place name in Europe

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