Le CIRAD

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Scientific Mobility Institutional
CollaborationManaging the diversityPascal
PerezCIRAD (France) Representative in
Australiain collaboration withAlain Rival and
Henri Bailleres
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Various Contexts of Mobility

• Individual-driven
• Long-service leave, sabbatical period, or career
  re-direction
• Individual scientific, cultural, and linguistic
  benefits.
• Risk for the home institution (scientific
  strategy, HR loss)
• International funding schemes available (MC
  Mobility, EU-FP6)
• Institution-driven
• Strategy of alliance, scientific watch, financial
  opportunity.
• Some agencies have a mandate of expatriation
  (CIRAD)
• Constraints for the individual (timing,
  environment, topic)
• In-house financial mechanisms (most of the time
  !)
• Strategic Adaptive Mobility
• A mix of both
• Needs a perfect coordination between the
  individual, the operational and strategic
  institutional levels.

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4 Scenarios for Mobility
Individual mobility
Strategic mobility
Autistic mobility
Stranded mobility
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10 Good Reasons to Collaborate

• Strategic reasons
• Australia displays diverse tropical
  sub-tropical environments
• Australia is strategically positioned between
  Asian Pacific regions
• Australia has developed strong scientific
  collaborations in the region
• Australia is an opening to the English-speaking
  scientific community
• Contextual reasons
• Funding for research is becoming increasingly
  competitive
• Research experiences globalization as well
• MoU between French and Australian research
  institutions (2004).
• Sponsors increasingly appreciate co-funding
• Hidden reason
• Amazingly, Australia can produce good wine,
  cheese, and rugby!

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CIRAD at a Glance

• 1850 staff
• 750 researchers
• 320 researchers posted overseas
• Annual budget of 170 million euros
• 70 Government subsidies / 30 external funds
• Administrative structure
• 1 Direction ? long-term strategy
• 3 Departments ? resources management
• 60 Research Units ? scientific strategy
• On-going collaborations in 50 foreign countries

• Agriculture
• Forestry
• Veterinary
• Food processing
• Rural economics
• Aid Policy

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Local operations for a global network
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Adapting Mobility to the Context

• Funding opportunities
• French individual fellowships (Lavoisier)
• Bilateral institutional schemes (FAST)
• International individual fellowships (EU-FP6
  Marie Curie)
• International institutional schemes (EU-FP6-NEX)
• In-house fellowship schemes (home and host
  institutions)
• Commonwealth individual fellowships (ARC Linkage
  International)
• State-funded fellowships
• Calls for Position (University, Commonwealth
  Dept, State Dept,)
• Strategic decisions
• Timing and duration of the mobility.
• Managing the gap in terms of Human Resources.
• Strategic choice of alliance Vs funding
  opportunity.
• Financial and administrative analysis
  (cost/benefit, IP rights, expected return)
• Overall, strategic mobility must be seen as an
  investment (risk analysis)

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1st ExampleMarie-Curie Fellowship

• Profile
• Alain RIVAL is a senior molecular physiologist
  at CIRAD.
• Posted at CSIRO-PI, in Canberra, from July 2004
  to July 2006 as an OIF Marie Curie Fellow.
• Background
• Dr Finnegan is the leader of a research group,
  at CSIRO-PI, being a world leader in plant
  epigenetic mechanisms (model plant Arabidopsis)
• Dr Rival is the leader of a research group, at
  CIRAD-CP, working on the molecular determinism of
  somaclonal variation in tropical plants (oil
  palm).
• Since 2000, both groups are collaborating
  through scientific visits, joint PhD panels,
  joint Lavoisier Post Doc Fellowship, and
  publications.

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1st ExampleMarie-Curie Fellowship

• Procedure
• Most candidates at Post Doc level. One call per
  year (success rate 17-30 ).
• OIF Contract links EC with a Scientist in
  Charge at CIRAD (Host Institution).
• Duration of the Outgoing phase 2 years (max.
  authorized).
• European Reintegration phase 1 year (50 of
  outgoing phase).
• MC Fellowship covers salary, airfares and
  research expenses (bench fees).
• Objectives
• To consolidate CIRADs expertise on plants
  epigenetic mechanisms.
• To transfer techniques developed at CSIRO to oil
  palm physiology.
• To provide CSIRO an opportunity to expand its
  domain of activities.

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1st ExampleMarie-Curie Fellowship

• Benefits
• Opportunity to create strong personal links and
  to design joint research projects during the
  Outgoing phase. Long-term networking.
• Funding is attractive for the CIRAD.
• Scientific and financial reporting is users
  friendly (web-based tools).
• Series of subsequent funding opportunities for
  further capitalizing on MC Fellowship.
• Problems
• MC-OIF provides a lump-sum allowance,
  irrespective of family situation.
• MC Fellowship doesnt come with clear rules
  concerning visas/taxation/salaries.
• Most of theses issues are addressed by the Marie
  Curie Fellows Association (MCFA)
• www.mariecurie.org

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1st ExampleMarie-Curie Fellowship

• Outcomes
• Collaborative projects (submitted)
• CHROMOVAR MC Excellence Awards (EXA-EC)
• VARIOMETH FAST 2007 (Egide/DEST-ISL)
• Joint publications
• RIVAL A., JALIGOT E., BEULE T. FINNEGAN J.
  (2005) Expression of DNA Methyltransferases and
  somaclonal variation in oil palm. The Sir Mark
  Oliphant Conferences Intl Frontiers in Science
  and Technology. Epigenetic Regulation and
  Development in Disease, Canberra, Australia.
  NGED Conference Participation Award 2006 (Network
  in Genes and Environment in Development ,
  ARC/NHMRC, Australia).
• RIVAL A., JALIGOT E., BEULÉ T., TREGEAR J.W.
  FINNEGAN E.J. (2006) Epigenetic analysis of
  somaclonal variation in higher plants Oil palm
  as a case study. XIeme Congres IAPTCB, Beijing,
  Chine. NGED Conference Participation Award 2006
  (Network in Genes and Environment in Development
  , ARC/NHMRC, Australia).

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2nd ExampleOfficial Secondment

• Profile
• Henri Bailleres is a senior scientist at CIRAD,
  expert in wood quality and wood technology.
• In May 2006, following an open call for
  candidate, he was seconded to DPIF (Queensland)
  for a period of 3 years as Product Development
  Leader, at Indooroopilly research station.
• Background
• Both institutions are world leaders in tropical
  forest and timber research.
• CIRAD and DPIF share interests in wood quality
  of major tropical and sub-tropical species (such
  as eucalyptus, coconut palm, mahogany, teak,
  Araucaria).
• CIRAD and DPIF also develop similar research on
  processes of conversion and quality of
  end-products.

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2nd ExampleOfficial Secondment

• Procedure
• Contract agreement between State of Queensland,
  through its Department of Primary Industries and
  Fisheries (DPIF) and CIRAD.
• Objective
• To develop innovative value-added forest
  products for plantations.
• To contribute to the development of
  forest-based industries in the tropics.
• To strengthen bilateral collaboration in the
  areas of forest wood products.
• Benefits
• Cross-benefits in terms of technical competences
  and scientific innovation.
• Increasing exchanges between Australia, France
  and Europe.
• Sharing potential markets in the region.

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2nd ExampleOfficial Secondment

• Problems
• Current lack of support to expand our activities
  beyond initial ToRs.
• No specific support for existing collaboration
  involving an on-going mobility.
• Outcomes
• Example of externally funded projects
• Coconut wood project (ACIAR-funded)
• Hardwood innovative product
• Structural grading of pines

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3rd ExampleHosting Agreement

• Profile
• Pascal Perez is a senior scientist at CIRAD. He
  is a specialist of Social Simulations and Complex
  Systems Science.
• In October 2001, Pascal Perez was seconded to
  the Australian National University (RSPAS) for a
  duration of 3 years. The MoU between CIRAD and
  ANU has been renewed since by tacit reconduction.
• Background
• CIRAD and ANU are very active in the Asia
  Pacific region working on environmental and
  development-related issues.
• Several times, field collaboration couldnt
  materialize into institutional links.
• In 2000, Pascal Perez was invited to ANU-CRES as
  a Visiting Fellow in order to share his modelling
  techniques with local colleagues.

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3rd ExampleHosting Agreement

• Procedure
• A MoU was negotiated between CIRAD and ANU,
  including salary, insurance, IP, and liability
  aspects. Pascal Perez remains a CIRADs staff and
  ANU partially contributes to his salary.
• Pascal Perez can develop unilateral activities
  with CIRAD (expertise, representation), and ANU
  (expertise, teaching), or bilateral ones
  (co-funded project, HEMA network).
• Objective
• To develop bilateral projects in the Asia
  Pacific region (co-funding).
• To strengthen the links between France and
  Australia on environmental studies.
• To confront the research developed at CIRAD
  with new audiences.
• Benefits
• Increased opportunities of exposure on both
  sides (projects, publications, networking).
• Emergence of a mixed culture of collaboration
  that overcomes institutional barriers.

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3rd ExampleHosting Agreement

• Problems
• Australia is not considered yet as a strategic
  target in the Asia Pacific region.
• Sometimes an exhausting and schizophrenic
  exercise (most of the time ???)
• Outcomes
• 2 co-funded projects (ADD-ComMod, AtollGame)
• 2 French and 3 Australian unilateral projects
• 1 International Network (HEMA) supported by
  FEAST-France
• 1 International Linkage Fellowship (ARC, 2003)
• 1 Master Course (ANTH8021-MAAPD-ANU)
• 6 PhD students (4 Australians, 2 Frenchies)
• 1 book (ANU E Press), 6 book chapters, 5 journal
  articles
• and a newborn start-up HEMA Consulting Pty Ltd !

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Perspectives

• Towards global environmental issues in the
  region
• Climate change, illegal logging, over-fishing,
  carbon sequestration, human migrations.
• Towards globalization of research funding
• Stagnation of national research budgetsand
  grants always more competitive.
• Slight increase in international research
  budgets (EU-FP7).
• Increasing role of private foundations in
  environmental projects.
• Human resources dont follow the need for more
  scientific expertise.
• Operational costs are increasing (administrative
  overheads, salaries)
• Mobility as an adaptive strategy for CIRAD
  Australian partners
• Sharing costs and funding opportunities.
• Leveraging external budgets
• Activating different and complementary networks
• Encouraging staff to experience different
  working environments
• Developing In-Coming mechanisms for Australian
  colleagues
• (Opportunities of Fellowships with RTRA
  Development Durable)

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Thank You!
CIRAD in France CIRAD 42 rue Scheffer 75116
Paris Tel [phone] www.cirad.fr
CIRAD in Australia Pascal PerezCIRAD Rep. in
AustraliaRMAP/RSPASAustralian National
UniversityCanberra ACT 0200Tel
61-2-61258705pascal.perez_at_anu.edu.au
Credits CIRAD 2006