Basics of Anatomy and Physiology

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Basics of Anatomy and Physiology

• Amy L. Beard

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Levels of Organization
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Body Cavities not the ones in your teeth

• Dorsal Cavity Cranial Cavity and Vertebral
  Canal
• Ventral Cavity Thoracic Cavity, Diaphragm and
  Abdominopelvic Cavity
• Oral Cavity
• Nasal Cavity
• Orbital Cavities
• Middle Ear Cavities

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More Cavities

• Abdominopelvic Cavity Abdominal and Pelvic
  Cavities
• Synovial Cavity surrounds freely moveable
  joints

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Pictures of Cavities How many faces do you see?
http//homepage.smc.edu/wissmann_paul/anatomy1text
book/abdominopelvicregions.gif
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What organs belong to which cavity?

• Thoracic Cavity Heart, lungs
• Abdominal Cavity Stomach, liver, spleen, gall
  bladder, kidneys, most of small and large
  intestines
• Pelvic Cavity - Terminal portion of the large
  intestine, urinary bladder, internal reproductive
  organs

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Ventral Cavity Cranial Cavity Diaphragm Abdominal
Cavity Pelvic Cavity Pericardial Cavity Pleural
Cavity Mediastinum Thoracic Cavity Vertebral Canal
http//www.biologycorner.com/anatomy/images/BodyCa
vity_label.jpg
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Dorsal Cavity Cranial Cavity Diaphragm Pelvic
Cavity Abdominal Cavity Vertebral Canal Thoracic
Cavity
http//www.biologycorner.com/anatomy/images/BodyCa
vity2_label.jpg
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Body Planes

• Sagittal
• Transverse
• Coronal - Frontal
• Oblique

http//www.yachigusaryu.com/blog/pics/top_ten_prin
ciples/10/image003.jpg
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Body Sections

• Axial Head, Neck and Trunk
• Appendicular Upper and Lower Limbs

http//staff.tuhsd.k12.az.us/gfoster/standard/appe
nd.gif
Axial
Appendicular
http//staff.tuhsd.k12.az.us/gfoster/standard/axia
l.gif
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Relative Positions

• Anatomical Position Standing erect, face and
  plams are facing forward
• Superior
• Inferior
• Anterior
• Posterior
• Medial
• Lateral
• Proximal
• Distal
• Superficial
• Deep

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Protective Membranes

• Serosa (serous membrane) covers the walls of
  the ventral cavity and the outer sufraces of
  organs
• Parietal Serosa lines the cavity walls this
  folds on itself to form the Visceral Serosa,
  covering the organs in the cavity
• Serous fluid separates serous membranes not
  air