Unit II-Early Civilizations Test Review Answers Power Point

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• Unit II-Early Civilizations Test Review Answers
  Power Point

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1. What is a primary source?

• Something that was made during the time period it
  comes from
• Examples
• Hammurabis Code
• Egyptian Pyramids
• Mohejo-Daro
• The Great Wall of China

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What is the Neolithic Revolution? What was the
result?

• The development of Agriculture
• People became sedentary settled down, no longer
  hunting and gathering civilizations began

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3. Mesopotamia was a civilization from 3500 BCE
to 2000 BCE. How many years was it a civilization
before it declined?

• Subtract the BCE number from the BCE number
• 3500 2000 1500 years

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4. How many years existed between 4000 BCE and
1100 BCE?

• 2900-same side so subtract!

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5. How many years existed from 200 BCE to 1200 CE?

• Add BCE number and CE number
• 200 1200 1400 years

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What are some examples of advanced record keeping?

• Historical events
• Business transactions
• Traditions of society
• Laws

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7. Define slash and burn farming

• Clearing the land to make the soil fertile for
  farming

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8. What is polytheism?

• The belief in many gods
• Like in Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, India, and the
  Americas

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9. What is animism?

• The belief that all animals have spiritual or
  supernatural powers
• See the word animal in it?

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10. What is domestication?

• Selecting and growing plants to benefit humans
• Breeding animals to benefit humans

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11. What is pastoralism?

• The domestication and herding of animals

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12. What is subsistence agriculture?

• Making just enough food for you and your family
  to survive
• No extra food to trade or sell

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13. What was the cause of the growth of
civilizations?

• The Neolithic Revolution development of
  agriculture

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14. What is a monarchy?

• A form of government in which a king is the leader

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15. What are some characteristics of early river
valley civilizations?

• Located near rivers that flood and enrich the
  soil
• Farming/agriculture

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16. What are the 5 Characteristics of an early
civilization?

• A advanced cities
• S specialized workers
• C complex institutions
• A advanced technology
• R record keeping

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17. What is patrilenial?

• When power/title is passed from father to son.

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18. A king is the leader of what type of
government?

• Monarchy

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19. What is barter?

• To trade goods without using money

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20. What led to specialized workers and permanent
cities?

• The development of agriculture.
• No need to have everyone farm
• Can support a larger population

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21. What is the Code of Hammurabi?

• A code of laws created by Hammurabi-the ruler of
  Ancient Mesopotamia. IT UNIFIED ALL THE PEOPLE
  OF MESOPOTAMIA UNDER A SINGLE SET OF LAWS

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22. What was the purpose of the Code of
Hammurabi?

• The Code of Hammurabi created to improve the
  lives of his people. He felt that he had the
  authority to do this because the gods Anum and
  Enlil named him to promote the welfare of the
  people

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23. Was the Code of Hammurabi a primary or
secondary source for people in Mesopotamia?

• Primary

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24. What was the purpose of record-keeping in an
early civilization like Mesopotamia?

• Early record-keeping recorded historical events,
  records of business transactions,and traditions
  of the society

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25. What two rivers near Mesopotamia were
unpredictable and a challenge for the
civilization?

• The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

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26. What were some inventions that came from the
Egyptians?

• The Egyptians invented a calendar, hieroglyphics,
  and medicine.

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27. What were the Egyptian pyramids known as?

• The Egyptian pyramids were tombs for the pharaohs.

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28. What is a theocracy?

• A form of government where the religious leader
  is also the leader of the group. Egyptians saw
  their pharaoh as a god, therefore Ancient Egypt
  was a theocracy.

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29. What was a pharaoh?

• A pharaoh was the title of the ruler in Ancient
  Egypt.

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30. What was the purpose of mummification?

• To preserve the body as a vessel or container for
  the spirit after death. THEY BELIEVED IN AN
  AFTERLIFE.

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31. What were the geographic advantages of
living near the Nile River?

• The Nile River provided water for drinking and
  transportation. It provided a source of food and
  water for irrigation. It was a home for
  wildlife. It provided a source of paper
  (papyrus) for writing.

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32. Why did the Chinese build the Great Wall of
China?

• Because Mongolian invaders attacked settlements
  along the frontier the emperor built the Great
  Wall (an artificial barrier) to keep the foreign
  invaders out.

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33. What was the Shang Dynasty?

• It was the first Chinese Dynasty and lasted for
  about 500 years.

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34. What was the Mandate of Heaven?

• It was the idea that a declining dynasty had lost
  the favor of god and that it justified the
  overthrow or rebellion against the declining
  dynasty. If the rebellion was successful then
  the god wanted the new dynasty to replace the old.

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35. What is the Middle Kingdom

• The Chinese civilization was isolated in the
  world away from the other civilizations. They
  felt that they must be in the middle of the world
  and that they were the chosen people of god.

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36. What were the geographic advantages of
living in the Indus River Valley?

• The Himalaya Mts provided a natural barrier
  against invaders. The Indus and Ganges Rivers
  provided fertile soil after flooding, and the
  monsoons provided rain for crops.

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37. Describe the layout of the cities in Indus
River Valley areas. What was special about that?

• The Indus River Valley cities were organized into
  a grid system and were planned in advance. The
  cities had an advanced water and sewer system.

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38. What is a ziggurat?

• The ziggurat was the main building in the city
  and was the center of religious life in
  Mesopotamia.

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39. What is terrace farming?

• Terraced farming involved cutting stair-step like
  levels into the hillside. The were then used to
  grow food. It made unusable land productive and
  is an example of HEI.

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40. What were inventions of the Mayans?

• Codex
• Calendar
• Concept of zero

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41. Where were the Mayans geographically located?

• The Mayans were in the Yucatan Peninsula and
  extended into northern Central America.

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42. Where were the Aztecs geographically located?

• The Aztec were located in Central Mexico-the
  Valley of Mexico.

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43. Where were the Incans geographically located?

• The Incans were located in South America in the
  Andes Mts in what is today Peru. They extended
  from modern day Ecuador to Chile and Argentina.

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44. What are some examples that people in
MesoAmerica did in relation to HEI?

• The Aztec built canals and the Incans created
  TERRACED FARMING.