Classification of All Organisms

1
Classification of All Organisms
2
Domain Bacteria Kingdom Eubacteria

• 1. 3.5 billion years ago
• 2. Prokaryote
• A cell with no nucleus or membrane-bound
  organelles
• 3. Unicellular
• Cell walls w/peptidoglycan
• a carbohydrate found in the cell walls of
  eubacteria

3

• 5.Autotroph/Heterotroph
• Autotrophs can make their own food.
• Heterotrophs need to feed off an outside food
  source.
• 6. "True bacteria"like E.coli
• 7. 10,000 species
• 8. Motile

4
Domain ArchaeaKingdom Archaebacteria

• This kingdom of bacteria was not recognized until
  the late 1990's.
• Evidence shows that these bacteria are more
  different from eubacteria than we are from plants!

5

• 3.5 billion years ago
• 2. Prokaryote
• 3. Unicellular
• 4. Cell walls without peptidoglycan

• 5.Autotroph/Heterotroph
• 6. "Extremists" salt, hot, no oxygen
• 7. 100 species
• 8. Motile

6
Domain EukaryaA. Kingdom Protista

• First Eukaryotes!
• Organelles came from aerobic and photosynthetic
  prokaryotes.

7

• 1. 2 billion years ago
• 2. Eukaryote
• Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and
  membrane-bound organelles.
• Uni or multi cellular or colonial like Volvox?

8

• 4. Plant-like protists have cell walls with
  cellulose
• tough carbohydrate fiber, the main component in
  wood and paper.
• 5. Autotroph/Heterotroph

• 6. Animal-like - amoeba
• Plant-like - algae, seaweed
• Protists, prior to the late 1800's, were
  classified as either plants or animals depending
  on their characteristics.
• 7. 200,000 species
• 8. Most motile

9
B. Kingdom Fungi

• It wasn't until the 1950's that Fungi became its
  own kingdom. This distinction was made because
  Fungi could not make their own food.

10

• 1. 400 million years ago
• 2. Eukaryote
• 3. Multicellular -except for yeast

11

• 4. Cell walls with chitin
• Chitin is a complex carbohydrate that is also
  found in the external skeletons of insects!
• 5. Heterotroph
• 6. 100,000 species

1. Mushrooms, molds, yeast, athlete's foot
2. Mostly nonmotile

12
C.Kingdom Plantae

• Mosses were the first land plants. They evolved
  from plant-like protists like seaweed.

13

• 1. 400 million years ago
• 2. Eukaryote
• Multicellular
• Cell walls with cellulose
• 5. Autotrophs
• 6. 500,000 species
• 7. Flowers, ferns, oaks, pines
• 8. Nonmotile

14
D. Kingdom Animalia

• 95 of all animals are invertebrates.
• Most of these are insects!

15

• 1. 600 million years ago
• 2. Eukaryote
• 3. Multicellular
• No cell walls
• Heterotrophs
• 1.5 million species
• Sponges, worms, fish, mammals
• 8. Motile