Section 3 Quiz

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Section 3 Quiz

1. What is a diet?
2. Define an ethnic group.
3. What is the Golden Bull?
4. What Slavic country became orthodox Catholic?
5. What ethnic group migrated from region to region
   in Ancient Europe because of religious
   persecution?

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EQ What are some differences between the Roman
empire and the Byzantine Empire?
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Roman Empire Splits

• The Roman empire officially falls to the
  Ostrogoths in 476 A.D.
• The East keeps Latin West begins to speak Greek
• Control of church different for each half
  official head in Rome still
• Church split into regions, called a diocese, or
  district of a church under a bishop
• The east half becomes Roman Catholic the west
  becomes Greek Orthodox Church
• orthodox traditional, or having to do with the
  Greek orthodox church

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Justinian

• His father was emperor
• Dies and leaves him crown
• Marries Theodora, a former actress
• Together they rebuild Constantinople
• Hagia Sophia, means holy wisdom
• Orthodox Catholicism
• head of church in Constantinople seated at the
  Hagia
• Greek main language Bible written in Greek

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Justinian Greatest Byzantine Emperor

• Re-united the two halves of the roman empire
• Except for Gaul, Hispania, and Great Britain

Roman Empire
Byzantine Empire
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Justinian Code

• Wanted to collect Roman laws into a clear system
  unlike 12 Tables werent categorized
• Codified, or organized them into categories
• Created
• Public Law, for government
• Private Law, for individuals
• Natural law everyone no matter where follows
  these ideas about marriage and how children
  should be raised
• Civil law each nation makes up their own laws
  that the state makes how much to pay in taxes
• Law of nations governs interaction between
  nations laws about slavery and trade contracts

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Differences Between Rome and Byzantium

• Write down three differences between Rome and
  Byzantium in 3 COMPLETE sentences.
• Turn it in to me.

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Iconoclasm 700s 800s
Bible Commandment (thou shalt not make graven
images) (you shall not make cast idols) (you
shall not You shall not make for yourself an
idol, whether in the form of anything that is in
heaven above, or that is on the earth beneath, or
that is in the water under the earth.

• Greek Orthodox starts arguing that NO icons, or
  pictures of Jesus or saints should be made
• Why? Because they believed that is like making an
  idol
• Iconimage
• Went around smashing and destroying all images of
  Jesus

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The Great Schism 1054 A.D.

• East and West were already separated government
  -wise
• Rome had fallen into Dark Ages with the rest of
  Europe, and was isolated
• Had good relations until Roman Pope Leo IX claims
  supremacy
• Official split between Roman Catholic and Greek
  Orthodox churches comes
• The Roman head claimed supremacy
• They excommunicated each other
• Leads to wars between empires

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y

• Byzantium fights Persia 540 A.D. under
  Justinian
• Byzantium fights Ottomans, a Muslim empire 1453
  A.D.
• Leads to downsizing of the empire over the next
  500 years

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Genghis Khan 1162-1227 A.D.

• United nomadic tribes of North East Asia
• Conquered most of Central Asia and southern part
  of modern day Russia
• Used siege tactics and feigned retreat as
  military strategy
• United silk road under one government
• Set up an authoritarian style of rule
• Yet he was tolerant of other religions
• Meritocracy people in his government got jobs
  based on merit, not status or class

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Orthodox Offshoots

• Anyone who lives in the Balkans and Russia is
  considered a slav
• Slavs spread Orthodox Catholicism to Western
  Europe

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Russia

• Kiev capital of Russia
• Ivan III, (The Great) most important figure in
  ancient Russian history - 1440-1505
• took power away from boyars, or land-owning
  nobles
• refused to submit to Ottoman power
• After Byzantium fell, the orthodox church sees
  the new head of the church in Russia
• People living in the Balkans look to this new
  head for protection against the Muslims

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(No Transcript)
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Friday Quiz

• What is the name of the structure in the picture
  to the right?
• What two people are credited with building the
  structure to the right?
• Compare Christianity under Justinians harsh rule
  with the way Romans treated Christians? (think
  about what Justinian did.)
• Describe the Great Schism.

• Explain the split between the eastern and western
  churches over icons.
• Name another difference between the east and the
  west.
• What was the official name of the church in the
  West .in the east?
• The Byzantine Empire eventually fell to what new
  growing empire?
• What religion was this new empire?
• What Mongolian leader set up an autocratic rule
  in Russia, to the North of
• Byzantium?
• 11. Why was he a tolerant ruler despite his
  autocratic ways?
• 12. Explain why Justinians Code was different
  than the Roman 12 Tables.

13. Which of the maps on the left represents the
Byzantine Empire at its largest?
A
B
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Byzantium Rap

• Find a partner.
• You will have 10 minutes to come up with a 2-line
  rap on Byzantium using FACTUAL information from
  your notes and worksheets.
• You may do more if you choose, but it must AT
  LEAST be 2 rhyming lines.
• When the bell rings, you will come up with your
  partner and perform it to the hip hop beat.
• You will begin and end your rhyme with this
  chorus
• Byzantium, this is my anthem. Byzantium, this is
  my anthem.

Example Chorus Byzantium, this is my
anthem. Byzantium, this is my anthem.
Verse The east went Greek, the west kept
Latin then the Ottomans came in with their
cannons. Catholic - Orthodox, whyd they
fight? Over icons and wafers, over who was
right.
Excommunications lead to wars and
downsization. Chorus Byzantium, this
is my anthem. Byzantium, this is my anthem.
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• Review Game - Byzantium

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• Who is responsible for splitting the Roman Empire
  in half in a power sharing agreement?

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• Diocletian

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• What two people ruled Byzantium during its Golden
  Age?

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• Justinian and Theodora

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• Why is Theodoras background less than spotless?

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• Because she was an actress, bear dancer, and
  likely even a prostitute

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• Why were Byzantine people rioting in the
  Hippodrome Nika Riots?

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• Because they were angry with Justinians harsh
  policies

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• What was Justinians first reaction, or instinct,
  when facing the riots?

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• He almost abdicated, or gave up

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• Who convinced him to stay?

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• Theodora

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• What is the hippodrome?

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• A super-bowl like events arena for chariot races
  and public debates

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• What was the reslt of the Nika Riots?

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• Justinian told the rioters to meet him at the
  Hippodrome for a debate, and he murdered them

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• What church did Theodora and Justinian build?

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• Hagia Sophia

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• How did Justinian change the Roman 12 Tables?

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• He codified them and categorized them
  differently, making them easier to understand.

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• What was so unique about this church?

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• The largest dome ever built up to that point in
  history

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• What is the church used as today?

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• A mosque

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• Byzantium was close to Russia and traded with
  them all throughout their history, but in what
  way did they influence Russia the most?

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• They influenced them through orthodox
  Christianity.

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• What is orthodox Christianity called in Russia?

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• Eastern Orthodox

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• When the old Rome fell, which ethnic group
  actually conquered the city of Rome?

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• Ostrogoths

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• What ethnic group ruled the area known as Gaul?

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• Frankish kingdoms

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• During the later years of the Byzantined Empire,
  what Mongolian leader conquered an area larger
  than Alexander the Great or even the Romans?

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• Ghengis Khan

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• How did people get jobs in his government?

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• Based on Merit

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• Ghengis Khan was a tolerant ruler why?

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• Because he allowed all thecultures he conquered,
  more than any other Empire, practice their own
  religions.

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• Was Justinian a tolerant ruler? Why or Why not?

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• No, because he killed anyone who wasnt a
  Christian, including Jews who he persecuted the
  most.

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Point to the Roman Empire at its height of power.
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• What was the Great Schism of 1054?

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• When the churches split officially

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• What did the argument start over?

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• Communion wafers and bread

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• What was the argument really about?

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• Supremacy, who had the supreme right to decide
  what the church did

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• Who was the head of the Roman Catholic church?

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• The pope

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• What is the ultimate result of Byzantiums wars
  first with Persia, and then the Arab empires?

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• A gradual downsizing of the Byzantine Empire

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• Who was the head of the Greek Orthodox Church?

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• Bishop in Constantinople.

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• Define iconoclasm.

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• Image breaking

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• Which Empire went through a period of iconoclasm?

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• Byzantium.

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• What did the Greek Orthodox Church believe about
  icons?

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• That no icons of Jesus or the apostles or the
  saints should be made, because it was against
  the Biblical commandment about not making graven
  images

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• What did Ivan III of Russia do that helped
  concentrate his power?

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• Took land away from the boyars, or nobles, and
  gave it to the peasants

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• What else did he do that makes him legendary for
  Russians?

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• He stood up to the Ottomans.

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• What culture eventually conquered Constantinople,
  all that was left of the Byzantine Empire?

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• The Ottomans

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• What religion were they?

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• Muslim

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• Slavs who were living in the Balkans and who were
  Christian now looked to the country of __________
  as the new head of Orthodox Christianity.

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• Russia

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Place your wagers.
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• Name three specific differences between the Roman
  Catholic Church and the Greek/Eastern Orthodox
  Church.

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• Language Roman Catholic spoke Latin in church
  Greek Orthodox spoke Greek
• Leaders Pope in charge in Rome Bishop in
  charge in Constantinople
• Beliefs Roman Catholic said icons okay Greek
  Orthodox said no way
• More Beliefs Orthodox said keep the traditions
  and dont change them Roman Catholics allowed
  change in church practices