Dr. Elsayed Nasser Theories Of Motivation

1
(No Transcript)
2
Dr. Elsayed Nasser Theories Of Motivation
3
Learning Objectives

• Explain the difference between Management
  Leadership
• Why motivation is important ?
• Define the terms management Leadership
• What theories of Motivation?
• 25 Factors for motivation

4
Management

• Types
• MANGEMENT BY FEAR
• MANAGEMNT BY PUNISHMENT
• MANAGEMNT BY STICK CARROT
• MANAGEMENT BY CIA
• MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVE
• MANAGEMENT BY EMPOWEREMENT
• MANAGEMENT BY (NON-MANAGEMENT)
• ETC.

5
Management

• Definition
• Management is having things done through others
• (Peter Ducker)
• Management is having things done with others
  through others well willingly
• (Peter Ducker)

6
?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????
?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ???????
?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????
??????
7
Managing

• Planning Developing your plan
• Directing Implementing your plan
• Controlling Seeing that your plan was
  carried out

8
Implementing
Controlling
Planning
9
Implementing

• Selecting
• Training
• Coaching
• Supervising

• Motivating
• Counseling
• Helping
• Etc..

Deciding Communicating Improving

• Planning
• Setting Objectives
• Setting Budgets
• Organization
• Action Planning
• Etc

• Controlling
• Measuring
• Evaluating
• Appraising
• Correcting
• Etc

10
Sales Management Decision Areas

• Set Objectives
• Determine
• Sales Force
• Size

• Select
• Territories,
• Recruiting
• Selecting

Customer Needs/wants

• Training
• develop

• Evaluate
• control

• Motivate

• Compensation

11
Supervising salespeople

• Achieve company objectives through him his team
  using his their ability skills
• 1st task ( Team building )
• 1- Recruitment selection
• 2- Training
• 3- Development
• 4- Motivation

12
Leadership management ??
Leadership
Management
13
Leadership Ability to influence people to
achieve extra ordinary results without authority

• The one most important words
• We _______ I
• The two most important words
• Thank you
• The three most important words
• If you please
• The four most important words
• What is your opinion ?
• The five most important words
• I am pride of you- ??? ???? ??
• The six most important words
• Yes I admit I made a mistake

14
?????? ?????
????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ????
?????? ??????
???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????
15
?????? ??????
?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???
????? ???????
?????? ??????
?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????
???? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????
???? ?? ????? ??????
16
?????? ??????
???? ??????
??????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????
?? ??????
?????? ??????
???? ????? ?? ????
???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????????
???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????
???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ???????
?????? ??????
?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???
?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????
17
Leadership management
Leadership
Management
18

• ????? ?????? ????????
• ??? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???
  ?? ?????? ????? ????..?????? ???? ????? ?????
  ???? ???? ?????..
• ?? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????..
• ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? 3 ??? ?? ????? ?????
  ??????? ?????.

19
????? - ?????
????? ?????
20
Performance is

• Ability
• Motivation
• Opportunity

Ability
Opportunity
Motivation
21
Motivation and Performance

• Performance MAO
• Mmotivationintensity, direction, and
  persistence of EFFORT in attaining a goal.
• Aability Personal resources that can be applied
  to attain a goal. depends on education,
  experience and training and its improvement is a
  slow and long process
• Oopportunity to perform absence of obstacles and
  providing support to attain a goal.

22
Why we need motivation ?

• ??????Performance ?????? Ability ??????
  Motivation ?????
• ????????? Ability ??????? Skills
  ????? Confidence
• ??????????? Skills ????? ???? ????? Training
  ????? Experiences ????? Education
• ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????
  ????? ?????? ??? ??????

23
Motivation

• Motivation is the willingness of a person to
  exert high levels of effort to satisfy some
  individual need or want.
• The processes by which individuals direct , and
  persists their efforts toward attaining a goal.
• All human behavior is motivated by something
  (motivator).

24
Motivation

• is a concept used to describe both the extrinsic
  conditions that stimulate certain behavior and
  the intrinsic responses that demonstrate that
  behavior in human beings.
• Motivation is a process that stimulates a person
  to act.
• The Drive to Achieve a Goal

• is a process of moving Stimulate , directing
  ,driving oneself and others to work toward
  organisational objectives
• The processes by which individuals direct , and
  persists their efforts toward attaining a goal.

25
??????? ????
???????
?? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???
?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????
??????
???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???????
???????
?? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???????
26

• ???? ???????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ???? ??
  ??????
• ?????? ????? ??????
• ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????

27
Why Worry about Motivation !!

• Better Morale for Supervisors and Staff
• Good achievement
• Better Public Relations
• Fewer Accidents
• Increased Efficiency and Effectiveness
• Lower Turnover

28
MASLOW ABRAHAM HAROLD (1908-1970),

• was an American psychologist Maslow was born in
  New York City. He wrote several books, including
  Motivation and Personality (1954) and Toward a
  Psychology of Being (1962).

29
Theory of Abraham Maslow

• The basic human needs, according to Maslow, are
• physiological needs (Lowest need) as
  hunger,thirt, sleep.etc
• safety needs as security,protection from danger.
• love needs as belonging, love,frindship.
• esteem needs as self respect,status recognation
• self-actualization needs (Highest)is achieved by
  few as Nageeb Mahfowz self actualised as the
  first arabic person to win the Nobel Prize for
  stories in 1988.
• unsatisfied needs equal motivator
• when one need is satisfied he aspires for the
  next higher one.

30
(No Transcript)
31
Money earned from the job????? ?????? physiological needs
Secure job stable policies??????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? safety needs
Partially satisfied by friendship??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? love needs
our job can satisfy the esteem needs ,participating in decision making esteem needs
Hardest need to satisfy self-actualization needs
32
2-Theory X Assumptions

• can be ascribed to Sigmund Freud (18561939)
• People dislike of work and will avoid it if he
  can.
• Most people must be controlled , directed and
  threatened before they will work hard enough.
• Most workers prefer to be directed because they
  do not like responsibility and want security
  above all.
• These assumptions
• tough management
• punishments
• tight controls
• These are "wrong" because man needs more than
  financial rewards at work.

33
Dangers of punishment

• Create fear
• Losing the work efforts.
• Seeking protection through informal groups.
• Best employees may leave work.

34
3-Theory Y Assumptions

• Assumptions
• The worker naturally enjoy work.
• Man will exercise self- directed and self-
  controlled if he is committed to the aims of the
  organization.
• man learns under proper conditions, not only to
  accept but to seek responsibility.
• Imagination, and creativity can be used to solve
  work problems by a large number of employees.

35
4-Frederick Herzberg Theory Hygiene /
Motivation TheoryTow Factor Theory

• This is based on analysis of the interviews of
  200 employees. According to this theory, Peoples
  needs are of two types
• Extrinsic factor (hygiene factors)
• Intrinsic factor (motivator factors)

36
Hygiene / Motivation Theory

• Extrinsic factor (hygiene factors)
• Factor outside the job.
• Salary
• Security
• policies
• Supervision
• Interpersonal relations
• Working conditions
• Unsatisfactory hygiene factors can act as
  de-motivators, but if satisfactory, their
  motivational effect is limited.

37
Hygiene / Motivation Theory

• Intrinsic factor (motivators)
• Factor inside the job.
• Recognition
• Responsibility
• Advancement
• Growth and development
• Achievement
• Work itself

38
(No Transcript)
39
Herzbergs Motivation-Hygiene Theory

• Two independent scales
• Satisfaction and No Satisfaction
• These are the motivators
• Dissatisfaction and No Dissatisfaction
• Hygiene or maintenance factors

40
CAN RAISE
Hygiene
Salary Security Policies Supervision
Interpersonal relations Working conditions
Recognition Work itself Responsibility
Advancement Growth and development achievemen
t
Job performance
CAN LOWER
Motivators
41
5- ERG Theory

• 3 groups of core needs
• Existence ( physiological and safety )
• Relatedness ( social )
• Growth intrinsic desire for personal
  development ( esteem self actualization )
• ERG demonstrates that
• More than one need may be operative at the same
  time

42
6-Equity Theory

• Motivation decreases when employees feel
  under-rewarded by comparison to
• Coworkers
• Neighbors
• Self in an earlier state

43
7-Enhancing Motivation

• Management by Objectives (MBO)
• Participative management and empowerment
• Modified work schedules
• Work-share programs
• Flextime programs

44
8-McClellands Needs Theory

• The need for Achievement ???????
• is the drive to accomplish challenging goals.
• The need for Power ???????
• is the desire to control others to influence
  others behavior according to ones wishes.
• The need for Affiliation ( belonging )????????
• is the desire for close relationships with others.

45
9-Covey theory????? ???????
46
??????? ????? ????
???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????
??????? / ????? ????
?????? ???????

• ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ? ????? ??????
  ????????? ?????? 2010
• ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? 2010?????
  ???????
• ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????????
  ???? 2008
• ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????????
  ???? 2007
• 18 ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????
  ??????? ????? ??? ????
• elsayednasser_at_hotmail.com
  
• http//kenanaonline.com/DrElsayedNasser