Adolescent Growth and Development

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Adolescent Growth and Development
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Common Values and Attitudes

• We all play. As physical educators, we want to
  develop skillful players its the difference
  between PE and recess.
• Fitness can dramatically add to the quality of
  ones life.

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Common Values and Attitudes

• Physical Education has value in its contribution
  to a healthy lifestyle.
• There are many social values that can be learned
  through PE.
• We must accomplish something when we teach.

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Common Values and Attitudes

• You the teacher, will be seen as an extension of
  PE and its value will be determined accordingly.
• People will look to you to see what physical
  education is about and why it should be valued.

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Teaching All Kids Huh?

• over 5.3 million students enrolled in K-12
  schools in the U.S.
• about 35 of these students are from racial and
  ethnic minority groups
• 82-84 of teachers and administrators are white
  (75 are women 56 of principals are men)
• 69 of children attending high poverty urban
  schools are of color 33 are limited in English
  language proficiency

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Teaching All Kids Huh?

• By 2020 about 2/3 of the school population will
  be African American, Asian American, Hispanic, or
  Native American
• 32 of teachers feel they are prepared to address
  the needs of students from diverse backgrounds
• Less than 15 of teachers are fluent in a second
  language

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So what!

• Student identities come in all shapes and sizes
  and impact how a child navigates through the
  educational process
• Likewise, we all have a social identity and a set
  of biases that we filter our teaching through
  (conscious and unconscious)
• In other words, student and teacher identities
  directly influence what is and isnt learned in
  the gymnasium

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Socially Competent Teachers Who are they?

• Socially conscious cultural content knowledge
• Hold Affirming attitudes toward students from
  diverse backgrounds
• Believe that knowledge is constructed by and
  embedded in each learner
• Learn about students and their communities
• Are committed to being an agent of change

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Who is Todays Adolescent?

• Very Technology Savvy
• Fashion Driven (Hair and Hats, Tattoos and Body
  Piercing)
• Access to a wide variety of Music
• Access to Information
• More Sedentary
• More Mobile but Less Active
• Access to 24 hour T.V./ Internet

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Physical Growth and Development

• Boys and girls are taller, heavier and mature
  earlier than ever before.
• Adolescents differ widely in physical growth,
  body build and physical capacity.
• Significant physiological differences exist
  between genders and within each gender.
• Boys and girls of the same age differ in rates of
  maturation.

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Intellectual Development

• Today's youth are better informed.
• The wealth of information and choices available
  to teens may cause confusion in processing
  information and making decisions.
• The number of students with learning disabities
  has increased dramatically.

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Social Development

• Adolescents change social interaction patterns
  and challenge parental and authority roles.
• Peer approval is more important
• Adolescents need to learn to accept
  responsibility for their actions.
• During mid-adolescence, boys and girls mature at
  different rates.
• During late-adolescence, teens become more
  accepting of others, despite differences.

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Emotional Development

• Students need to build and maintain feelings of
  personal worth and belonging.
• They struggle with appearance, hormonal,
  personality, and mood changes.
• They try to establish independence while
  maintaining adult approval and affection.
• Youth try on different personalities to find one
  that suits them.
• They are concerned about social injustices.

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Motor skill development

• Is motor skill specific
• Occurs in stages
• Not all students will reach the final stage with
  all motor skills

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Adolescents and Physical Activity

• Physical activity is beneficial in physical,
  emotional, intellectual, and physiological health
• Females are less active than males
• Need daily moderate activity (30-60 min.)
• Try to focus on physical activity rather than on
  fitness

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Implications of Student Differences for Teaching

• Knowing individual differences helps teachers
  individualize instruction.
• Students in one grade level may be as much as 11
  months different in age, not counting older
  students who have been held back.
• The trend is toward inclusion and acceptance of
  all students.

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Implications of Student Differences for Teaching

• Motor ability factors predispose students to
  success in different activities (agility,
  balance, coordination, flexibility, strength,
  speed).
• Programs should include a variety of activities
  so students will find something commensurate with
  their abilities and be challenged to extend their
  abilities.

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Individual differences are respected and valued.

• Focus on what students can do.
• Equal educational opportunities require different
  treatments to meet differing needs of students.

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Eliminate embarrassment and failure.

• Choosing teams
• Elimination games
• Grading policies

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Build ego-strength(self-concept)

• Listen to students.
• Learn names and pronounce them correctly.
• Learn about students--cultures, interests.
• Give leadership opportunities.
• Provide success in skill performance and fitness
  activities.
• Compliment students when deserved and
  appropriate.

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Alter and adapt.

• Modify activities.
• Emphasize cooperation.
• Capitalize on students' strengths.