Adolescent Growth and Development

1
Adolescent Growth and Development

• KNR 242

2
Teaching All Kids Huh?

• over 5.3 million students enrolled in K-12
  schools in the U.S.
• about 35 of these students are from racial and
  ethnic minority groups
• 82-84 of teachers and administrators are white
  (75 are women 56 of principals are men)
• 69 of children attending high poverty urban
  schools are of color 33 are limited in English
  language proficiency

3
Teaching All Kids Huh?

• over 5.3 million students enrolled in K-12
  schools in the U.S.
• about 35 of these students are from racial and
  ethnic minority groups
• 82-84 of teachers and administrators are white
  (75 are women 56 of principals are men)
• 69 of children attending high poverty urban
  schools are of color 33 are limited in English
  language proficiency

4
Teaching All Kids Huh?

• By 2020 about 2/3 of the school population will
  be African American, Asian American, Hispanic, or
  Native American
• 32 of teachers feel they are prepared to address
  the needs of students from diverse backgrounds
• Less than 15 of teachers are fluent in a second
  language

5
So what!

• Student identities come in all shapes and sizes
  and impact how a child navigates through the
  educational process
• Likewise, we all have a social identity and a set
  of biases that we filter our teaching through
  (conscious and unconscious)
• In other words, student and teacher identities
  directly influence what is and isnt learned in
  the gymnasium

6
Socially Competent Teachers Who are they?

• Socially conscious cultural content knowledge
• Holds Affirming attitudes toward students from
  diverse backgrounds expect success and provide
  opportunities for all to succeed
• Believes that knowledge is constructed by and
  embedded in each learner not something outside
  a learner
• Learns about students and their communities
• Is committed to and develops the skills for being
  an agent of change

7
What about you?

• What effect do your biases have on the
  development of your philosophy and curriculum?
• How have the biases of your teachers effected
  your education?
• Discuss in groups of 3 or 4

8
Remember

• Awareness and action are the keys to becoming
  culturally responsive teachers who teach all
  students so that they all experience success

9
Who is Todays Adolescent?

• Parental Situation
• 68 live with two parents
• 23 - mothers only ? 4- fathers only
• 4 neither father or mother
• gt50 African American youth mother only
• Health Issues
• 81 are in good health
• Community Service
• 31 volunteer for community service

10
Who is Todays Adolescent?

• Audio entertainment
• Television habits
• Cars
• Fashion
• Hair and Hats
• Tattoos and Body Piercing
• Music

11
Importance of Getting To Know Students

• Teachers who are familiar with student
  characteristics have a considerable advantage in
  planning their teaching.
• Educational programs must consider
• Common characteristics of students
• Significant differences among students
• Social forces that affect students

12
Physical Growth and Development

• Boys and girls are taller, heavier and mature
  earlier than ever before.
• Adolescents differ widely in physical growth,
  body build and physical capacity.
• Significant physiological differences exist
  between genders and within each gender.
• Boys and girls of the same age differ in rates of
  maturation.

13
Intellectual Development

• Today's youth are better informed.
• The wealth of information and choices available
  to teens may cause confusion in processing
  information and making decisions.
• The number of learning disabled students has
  increased dramatically.

14
Social Development

• Adolescents change social interaction patterns
  and challenge parental and authority roles.
• Peer approval is more important
• Adolescents need to learn to accept
  responsibility for their actions.
• During mid-adolescence, boys and girls mature at
  different rates.
• During late-adolescence, teens become more
  accepting of others, despite differences.

15
Emotional Development

• Students need to build and maintain feelings of
  personal worth and belonging.
• They struggle with appearance, hormonal,
  personality, and mood changes.
• They try to establish independence while
  maintaining adult approval and affection.
• Youth try on different personalities to find one
  that suits them.
• They are concerned about social injustices.

16
Implications of Student Differences for Teaching

• Knowing individual differences helps teachers
  individualize instruction.
• Students in one grade level may be as much as 11
  months different in age, not counting older
  students who have been held back.
• The trend is toward inclusion and acceptance of
  all students.

17
Implications of Student Differences for Teaching

• Motor ability factors predispose students to
  success in different activities (agility,
  balance, coordination, flexibility, strength,
  speed).
• Programs should include a variety of activities
  so students will find something commensurate with
  their abilities and be challenged to extend their
  abilities.

18
Meeting Student Needs

• Students learn best when
• learning involves doing.
• learning is reinforced by success or positive
  feedback.
• a variety of meaningful experiences are provided
  at appropriate levels for students.
• learning is connected with previous knowledge.
• Students choose how to learn and demonstrate the
  products of learning

19
Individual differences are respected and valued.

• Focus on what students can do.
• Equal educational opportunities require different
  treatments to meet differing needs of students.

20
Eliminate embarrassment and failure.

• Choosing teams
• Elimination games
• Grading policies

21
Build ego-strength(self-concept)

• Listen to students.
• Learn names and pronounce them correctly.
• Learn about students--cultures, interests.
• Give leadership opportunities.
• Provide success in skill performance and fitness
  activities.
• Compliment students when deserved and
  appropriate.

22
Ability group for mastery teaching and student
success.

• Success builds self-esteem.
• Success encourages attempting of new skills.
• Success elicits greater effort.

23
Alter and adapt.

• Modify activities.
• Emphasize cooperation.
• Capitalize on students' strengths.