SPSS

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SPSS Basic stats guide Dr. Craig Jackson
Senior Lecturer in Health Psychology Faculty
of Health Birmingham City University
craig.jackson_at_bcu.ac.uk
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Types of Data / Variables Continuous Discrete
BP Children Height No. colds in last 12
months Weight Age last birthday Age BMI
Ordinal Nominal Grade of condition Sex Po
sitions in race 1st 2nd 3rd Hair
colour Better - Same Worse Blood
group Height groups Eye colour Age
groups Ethnicity
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Types of statistics / analyses DESCRIPTIVE
STATISTICS Describing a phenomena Frequencies H
ow many Basic measurements Meters, seconds,
cm3, IQ INFERENTIAL STATISTICS Inferences
about phenomena Hypothesis Testing Proving or
disproving theories Confidence Intervals If
sample relates to the larger population Correlatio
n Associations between phenomena Significance
testing e.g diet and health
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Multiple Measurement
25 cells 22 cells 24 cells 21
cells Total 92 cells Mean 23
cells SD 1.8 cells
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Small samples spoil research
N Age IQ 1 20 100 2 20 100 3 20 100 4 20 100 5 20
100 6 20 100 7 20 100 8 20 100 9 20 100 10 20 100
Total 200 1000 Mean 20 100 SD 0 0
N Age IQ 1 18 100 2 20 110 3 22 119 4 24 101 5 26
105 6 21 113 7 19 120 8 25 119 9 20 114 10 21 101
Total 216 1102 Mean 21.6 110.2 SD 4.2 19.2
N Age IQ 1 18 100 2 20 110 3 22 119 4 24 101 5 26
105 6 21 113 7 19 120 8 25 119 9 20 114 10 45 156
Total 240 1157 Mean 24 115.7 SD 8.5 30.2
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Dispersion Range Spread of data Mean Arithmetic
average Median Location Mode Frequency SD Sprea
d of data about the mean Range 50-112
mmHg Mean 82mmHg Median 82mmHg Mode 82mmHg SD
10mmHg
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Central Tendency and Averages Mode
Median Mean Patient comfort rating 10 9 8 7 6 5 4
3 2 1 31 27 70 121 140 129 128 90 80 62 Frequenc
y