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Zoonoses

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Title: Zoonoses


1
Zoonoses
  • Hannah Corbett
  • Jenna Deal

2
Essential Question
  • How can you prevent zoonotic diseases?

3
Should be able to know
  • Describe how to prevent any type of zoonotic
    disease
  • Understand and define a zoonotic disease
  • List and describe several zoonotic diseases
  • How does knowing about zoonotic diseases help in
    vet tech?
  • How can these diseases affect humans?

4
Warm-up
  • Pair Share
  • What do you already know about zoonotic diseases?

5
Vocab
  • Zoonotic Disease bacteria that can be passed
    from animals to humans

6
Vocab
  • Rabies viral disease that infects the central
    nervous system
  • Visceral larva migrans condition in humans in
    which roundworm larvae migrate through the body,
    causing damage to internal organs
  • Cutaneous larva migrans disease condition
    resulting from the infestation of hookworm larvae
    into the body
  • Taxoplasmosis protozoal parasitic disease in
    which cats serve as the primary host of concern
    to humans, especially pregnant women and people
    with compromised immune systems
  • Cat scratch fever bacterial disease resulting
    from a cat scratch, which causes a soreness at
    the inflicted site, fever, and enlarged lymph
    nodes.

7
Vocab
  • Ringworm fungal infection of the skin
  • RNA viruses group of viruses that cause
    inflammation in the brain
  • Q fever disease condition caused by Coxiella
    burnetii which causes abortions in sheep and
    goats and a sudden onset of flu-like symptoms in
    humans
  • Pasteurization process used to sterilize milk by
    heating it to a high temperature for a short time
  • Anthrax bacterial infection with skin,
    intestinal, and respiratory forms

8
Vocab
  • Mad Cow Disease transmissible spongiform
    encephalopathy disease condition in cattle that
    causes the degeneration of the brain to a
    sponge-like appearance
  • Scrapie transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
    disease condition in sheep and goats that causes
    the degeneration of the brain to a sponge-like
    appearance
  • West Nile Virus viral disease causing flu-like
    symptoms in humans (mosquitoes often act as a
    vector)
  • Brucellosis a bacterial disease that causes
    abortions in cattle and flu-like symptoms in
    humans (human presentation is called undulant
    fever)
  • Tuberculosis bacterial disease that affects the
    lungs and respiratory system

9
Viral diseases
  • Rabies
  • Also referred to as hydrophobia
  • Infects CNS
  • Signs restlessness, change in behavior, easily
    agitated, aggressive, snapping/biting at
    inanimate objects, frothing at the mouth
  • West Nile Fever
  • Spread through mosquitoes
  • Signs flu-like symptoms in humans, inflammation
    in CNS, paralysis, weakness
  • May be fatal

10
Prevention
  • Vaccines

11
Larva Migrans
  • Visceral
  • Children are at higher risk when they place
    things in their mouth
  • Toxocara canis is the common cause
  • Signs Fever, coughing, wheezing, abdominal pain
  • Damage to internal organs
  • Cutaneous
  • Similar to roundworms
  • Develop in intestinal tract
  • Signs in humans, raised, red, itchy bumps

12
Prevention
  • Visceral Cutaneous
  • Vaccines
  • Cleanliness
  • Routinely pick up feces examine dogs

13
Bacterial Diseases
  • Anthrax
  • Caused by spore forming bacteria called Bacillus
    anthracis
  • Signs sudden death, fever, anorexia, bloody
    urine, diarrhea
  • Most common form in animalsintestinal form
  • Brucellosis
  • Causes abortion in cattle
  • Humans infected through contact w/ infected fetus
  • Signs severe flu, irregular fevers
  • Tuberculosis
  • Causes a debilitating respiratory infection in
    humans
  • Signs fever, weight loss, coughing, chest pain
  • Difficult to treat

14
Prevention
  • Pasteurization
  • Cleanliness
  • Immunizations
  • Vaccines

15
Diseases that start with a cat
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Parasite in animals that is a concern to humans
  • Cats definitive host
  • Infected cats pass oocysts (eggs) through their
    feces
  • Cat Scratch fever
  • Caused by Bartonella henselae
  • Signs in humans lack of appetite, muscle pain,
    nausea, swelling of lymph nodes, swelling of
    infection site, red small round bump at the site
    of the scratch/bite
  • Signs in cats history of flea/ticks, no clinical
    symptoms can be seen, fever/swollen glands,
    lethargy, lack of appetite

16
Prevention
  • Keep home clean
  • Prevents fleas and ticks
  • Keep cats nails trimmed
  • Avoid playing roughly with cats
  • Keep tests (immune) up to date

17
Occurs in Cattle, Sheep, and/or Goats
  • Q Fever
  • Caused by Coxiella burnetii
  • Transmission happens when humans inhale aerosols
    from contaminated soil/waste
  • Signs fatigue, chills, arthralgia, night sweats,
    heart failure
  • Mad Cow Disease
  • Affects central nervous system in cattle
  • Caused by the formation of prions, abnormally
    shaped proteins
  • Humans can catch the disease from eating tissues
    from the cattle with the disease
  • Scrapie
  • Caused by the formation of prions
  • Affects the central nervous system

18
Prevention
  • Practice cleanliness
  • Wash hands after handling animals and animal
    waste
  • Cook meat thoroughly
  • Keep records
  • Isolate goats/sheep from those who are infected
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