The U.S. History Review

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The U.S. History Review

• By Miguel A. Rivera

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Section 5 New Republic
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What are some characteristics of the New
Republic?
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New Republic Characteristics

• Federalists vs. Antifederalists
• Growth and expansion of government
• Beginning of Sectionalism between North and South
• Development of Articles of Confederation
• Development of U.S. Constitution
• Introduction of Bill of Rights

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New Republic

• 1781 (document)

Articles of Confederation sets up a weak
government but the first document to set up an
independent government
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New Republic

• 1783

In the 1783 Treaty of Paris Great Britain
recognizes the U.S. as an independent country and
is pretty much kicked out of North America
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New Republic

• 1787

U.S. Constitutional Convention, where the U.S.
makes up the Constitution, is held lawmakers
decide how the government is going to run itself
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New Republic

• 1789

U.S. Constitution is signed by all state
representatives
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New Republic

• 1791

U.S. Bill of Rights goes into effect Individual
rights are given to people and states powers are
separated by federal (or national) government
powers
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New Republic Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

• Federalists
• Strong central government
• Lived in cities and/or towns
• Lived in the north
• Did not believe in slavery
• Anti-Federalists
• States rights
• Lived in rural areas
• Lived in the south
• Wanted to keep slavery

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New Republic - Attitudes

• Due process
• People have a right to know what they are being
  accused of, just trial and are innocent until
  proven guilty.
• Impeach
• Congress has a right to take the president to
  trial if he is believed to have broken the law.
• Laissez Faire
• The idea that government should stay out of
  business.

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New Republic Constitutional Compromises

• Electoral College
• Each state gets a number of representatives based
  on congressmen and senators.
• Great Compromise
• House of Representatives allows representation
  for each state to be based on population.
• House of Senate allows representation for each
  state based on equity (two per state).
• Three-Fifths Compromise
• Every five slave would count as three free white
  men.

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New Republic The Federalist Papers

• Federalist Papers
• Written in 1787 and 1788
• Written in newspapers in New York
• Meant to persuade voters to ratify Constitution
• 85 essays about how government would work and why
  it was the BEST option
• Written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and
  John Jay

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New Republic Who is this guy?
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New Republic - James Monroe

• 5th President of the U.S.
• Developed the Monroe Doctrine where he stated
  that no European country was to colonize the U.S.
  or they would have to deal with the U.S.
• Would be seen as an act of aggression

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New Republic Who is this guy?
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New Republic John Adams

• Second president of the U.S. who helped
  facilitate the development of the American
  Constitution
• Co-edited the Declaration of Independence

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New Republic Who are these guys?
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New Republic Lewis and Clark

• Hired by Thomas Jefferson
• Explored land west of the Appalachians in effort
  to expand the U.S. and possibly purchase land
  from France

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New Republic Who is this guy?
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New Republic Alexander Hamilton

• First Secretary of Treasury under George
  Washington
• Believed that people who bought U.S. bonds should
  be repaid for their investment in the American
  Revolution
• Believed it would establish trust in the new
  government
• Developed the Bank of the United States
• On the 10 Bill and never president

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New Republic Who is this guy?
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New Republic Who is this guy? James Madison

• Main writer of the U.S. Constitution
• Wrote over 1/3 of the Federalist Papers
• Believed that it was unfair to southerners who
  had sold their U.S. bonds to pay them back
• Anti-federalist who disagreed with Hamilton on
  many key issues