Comparing American Colonies

1
Comparing American Colonies

• Southern, New England, and Upper Spanish Rio
  Grande
• By
• Dr. Michael Faubion, UTPA Department of History
  and Philosophy

2
Spanish Upper Rio Grande

• San Juan NM Hearth
• 1598
• Region includes western TX., NM., AZ., CA.
• Most settlers came from Seville and Central Mexico

3
Southern Settlement Patterns

• Jamestown Hearth
• 1607
• Region includes Va., N.C., S.C., and Ga.
• Most settlers from Southern Coastal England (Kent
  and Sussex)

4
New England Settlement Patterns

• Plymouth Hearth
• 1620
• Region includes Ma., CT., RI., NH., VT.
• Most settlers came from Northern England (York
  and Lancaster)

5
Government and Society

• Southern-
• Manorial ideal plantations
• Rank centered honor and based on race
• Slavery, over 600 acre land grants
• New England-
• Town ideal hamlets
• Rank based on grace
• Equality in town meetings, 90 acres for farms
• Rio Grande-
• Pueblo ideal missions
• Rank on personal honor based on nativity and
  ethnicity.
• Encomiendas and 1000 acre grants

6
Architectural Comparisons

• Southern-
• Wood and Brick
• Hall and parlor
• New England-
• Wood Frame
• Salt Box
• Rio Grande-
• stone or mud brick
• Courtyard

7
Adobe Style
8
New England
9
Southern
10
Marriage, Age, and Gender Relations

• Southern-
• Protestant Ceremony (M 24/F 18)
• Male dominated, primogeniture
• New England-
• Civil Contract (M 26/F 23)
• Limited Equality, women could inherit
• Rio Grande-
• Catholic Ceremony (M 28/F 22)
• Patriarch dominated, women could inherit if no
  male

11
Family and Child Raising

• Southern-
• Extended Families (3 ave.) with 4-5 servants
• Norman Teutonic child names. Weak parish schools
• New England-
• Strong nuclear (7 ave) with 0-1 servants
• Biblical names and strong town schools
• Rio Grande-
• Extended nuclear (5 ave.) with 4-5 servants
• Saint names with religious mission schools

12
Food and Material Culture

• Southern-
• Roasting and Frying
• Bright Colors for clothes, class identity
• New England-
• Baking
• Somber Colors and simple styles
• Rio Grande-
• Open flame and sauces
• Contrasting colors, ethnic identifiers

13
Rio Grande Clothing

14
Southern Clothing

15
New England
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Interests and Leisure

• Southern-
• Liturgy centered religion
• Low literacy and interest in divination
• Blood sports and gambling
• New England-
• Congregation based interests
• High Literacy and fear of magic
• Town and team centered activities
• Rio Grande-
• Tradition based religion
• Moderate literacy and native spiritualism
• Field contests and blood sports

17
Bibliography

• David Hackett Fischer. Albions Seed. Oxford
  Oxford, 1991.
• Mark Burkholder and Lyman Johnson. Colonial
  Latin America. Oxford Oxford, 2001.
• Gary Nash. Red, White and Black. NY Prentiss
  Hall, 1974.
• Marc Simmons. Spanish Pathways. Albuquerque
  UNM, 2001.

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Helpful Websites

• http//www.emory.edu/COLLEGE/CULPEPER/BAKEWELL/
• http//www.archives.gov/
• http//falcon.jmu.edu/ramseyil/colonial.htm
• http//www.pbs.org/wnet/colonialhouse/