Moving from Isolation to Intervention WORLD WAR II

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Moving from Isolation to InterventionWORLD WAR
II
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1941 (4 slides)

• Four Freedoms Speech made by FDR
• America begins to mobilize (prepare for war)
• Many Americans enlist, but not enough. Need a
  draft.
• Women can not be involved in direct combat, but
  could be ambulance drivers, nurses, electricians
• Minorities, like Native Americans, Mexicans,
  Afams fought in war.
• Afams could not be in direct combat until 1943

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1941

• Planned March on Washington- led by activist
  A.Philip Randolph
• Concerned about racial discrimination in combat
  in factories
• FDR asked Randolph to back down not do march
• Randolph refused.
• When FDR found out Randolph had
• 100,000 marchers, FDR backed down.
• FDR issued Executive Order 8802 that
• called for defense industries to stop the
  policies of racial discrimination

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1941- U.S. Isolation ending

• Lend-Lease Act 1941 sell, lend, or lease any
  kind of defense aid to stop German aggression
• Germany attacks Russia.

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A Date Which Will Live in Infamy

• Japanese Aggression
• Japan needed Oil, Rubber, Food
• US Response
• Cancelled commercial treaty w/Japan
• Stopped exporting gasoline and scrap metal
• December 7, 1941 Japan attacks Pearl Harbor
• US Response
• US DECLARES WAR ON Japan.
• Germany declares war on US.

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• Drawing found on a Val shot down during the
  attack. Translated, it says, "Hear! The voice of
  the moment of death. Wake up you fools."

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US uses Propaganda to convince Americans war is
needed. PROPAGANDA form of communication that is
aimed at influencing the attitude of a community
toward some cause or position.
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The United States Goes to War
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1942 Axis Powers Germany, Italy, Japan (go to
poem)
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1942-Japanese Internment Camps

• http//library.thinkquest.org/TQ0312008/
• 110,000 Japanese citizens forced to leave their
  homes, losing all possessions except what they
  could carry
• 2/3 were American citizens

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1943

• Italy surrenders.

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1944D-DAY

• Amphibious Attack in Northern France
• June 6, 1944
• Operation Overlord
• D-Day Designated Day
• First waves experienced high casualty rates
• Liberated Paris and Belgium

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D-Day significanceLargest Invasion force ever
assembled 2 million troops Allies pushed
Germany back out of France!!! Bon Voyage!
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1944

• FDR is elected to a 4th term!

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Battle of the Bulge

• December 1944
• Nazi Troops squeezed between Soviets and Allies
• Hitler launched a surprise offensive in a
  weakened part of the line
• Created a bulge in the front line

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1945- Allied Victory in Europe

• After Bulge, allies/ Russia closed in on Berlin
• Allies met at Yalta to discuss terms of German
  surrender
• Berlin ended up under Soviet Control
• Hitler Committed Suicide
• VE Day Victory in Europe
• Discovery of the death camps

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GO Back to 1942 Turning Point in the Pacific

• US STRATEGY in Pacific
• Establish control over skies and waters of the
  Pacific
• Battle of Midway
• June 1942
• Turning point in the Pacific
• Kamikazes

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KAMIKAZES

• Japanese suicide squadrons, known as Kamikaze,
  flew aircraft
• loaded with explosives directly into U.S. naval
  vessels, killing
• themselves in an effort to stop the American
  advance. Altogether, they sank about 40 ships

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Battle of Iwo Jima and Okinawa

• US Island hopped their way through the Pacific
• Dangers other than battle
• Monsoons, malaria, heat, earthquakes, jungle
  conditions
• Iwo Jima
• US losses 6800 killed
• 23,000 wounded
• Okinawa
• Costliest engagement 50,000 casualties
• Gave U.S. strong positions to launch air strikes

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Back to 1945

• FDR dies in office.
• Harry S. Truman becomes 32nd President of the US.

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1945Manhattan Project

• Key Players
• Albert Einstein
• Enrico Fermi
• J. Robert Oppenheimer
• First tested at Los Alamos, New Mexico (in the
  US!!!)
• President Harry S. Truman makes the Decision to
  drop the Bomb
• August 6, 1945
• Hiroshima
• August 9, 1945
• Nagasaki
• August 14, 1945
• Surrender of Japan

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The End of the War

• Bombing of Japan
• Blockade of Japan
• Kamikazes
• Manhattan Project
• A-Bomb Attacks
• VJ Day August 14, 1945
• Casualties

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Effects of the War

• Holocaust
• Nuremburg Trials
• Japanese War Criminals
• Death
• Destruction
• Homefront
• Japanese Internment Camps
• Wartime Economy
• Women and Minorities

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