AP World History

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AP World History

• Warm-up DA
• Notes- Islam
• Comparison Religions Chart

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The Sunnah, sayings attributed to the Prophet
Muhammad, written after his death The state of a
Muslim who reads the Qur'an is like the orange
fruit, whose smell and taste are pleasant and
that of a Muslim who does not read the Qur'an is
like a date which hath no smell, but a sweet
taste and the condition of any hypocrite who
does not read the Qur'an is like the colocynth
which hath no smell, but a bitter taste and the
hypocrite who reads the Qur'an is like the sweet
bazil, whose smell is sweet, but taste bitter.
Read the Qur'an constantly I swear by him in
the hands of whose might is my life, verily the
Qur'an runneth away faster than a camel which is
not tied by the leg. S-O-A-P-P-S-T
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ISLAM

• THE FIRST TRANS-REGIONAL CIVILIZATION

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CURRENT MUSLIM WORLD
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PRE-ISLAMIC ARABIA

• Largely deserts- with Oases
• Nomadic Bedouin-
• Kept herds
• Kinship clans
• Post-classical Arabia
• long-distance over land trade
• Religion was polytheistic
• Some Jews and Christians

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6TH CENTURY ARABIA
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PHYSICAL MAP OF ARABIA
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MUHAMMADS EARLY LIFE

• Muhammad's spiritual transformation(40)
• No god but ALLAH, Judgment, Gabriel
• No intent on new religion- views spread
• Quran
• Compilations after Muhammads death
• Hadith
• Sayings from Muhammad- not all accurate

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THE HIJRA (FLIGHT)

• Conflict at Mecca
• hijra- to Medina in 622 CE
• Start of Islamic Calendar
• The umma
• Community for commercial needs
• The "seal of the prophets
• Muhammad was final seal
• Held Jewish and Christian teachings in high
  regard

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CONQUEST OF ARABIA

• Return to Mecca in 630 CE-
• Destroyed pagan shrines and idols
• The Kaa'ba
• Not destroyed pilgrimages to Kaaba
• The Five Pillars of Islam
• Islamic law the sharia

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Expansion of Islam

• Caliph
• First four called Orthodox- original followers (
  Abu Bakr-Ali)
• The Shia and Sunnis
• Two groups fought over succession and members

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UMAYYAD DYNASTY (661-750 C.E.)

• Won civil war Capital Damascus
• Policy toward conquered peoples
• Dhimmis
• tax on non- converts
• Umayyad decline
• Caliphs became alienated from Arabs
• family slaughtered only one son escaped to Spain

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SPREAD OF ISLAM
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ABBASID DYNASTY (750-1258 C.E.)

• Relied heavily on Persians
• Harun al-Rashid (786-809 C.E.)
• Baghdad capitol
• Abbasid decline- struggle with sons
• title of Sultan
• Persians seized control in 945 CE

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AP World History

• Reading Quiz
• Prompt Compare two Religions using three
  categories.
• Notes- Islamic empires
• C/C Essay Chart over Religion

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AN URBAN CIVILIZATION

• Bazaar- Marketplace
• New crops
• Increase population
• Camel caravan- luxury goods
• Borrowed
• Compass Chinese Lateen sail S.E. Asia
• Astrolabe Hellenistic
• Banks
• with letters of credit

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ISLAMIC TRADE
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OTHER ISLAMIC REGIONS

• Al-Andalus / Islamic Spain
• Cordoba was a center of learning, commerce,
  architecture
• At war for 700 years with Christian kingdoms
• North Africa- Strong followers of Shia
• Central Asia
• Tended to be distant from Baghdad and more
  tolerant

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MUSLIM SPAIN
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WOMENS CHANGING STATUS

• Pre-Islamic Arab Women- many rights
• Quran
• Allowed women to own property
• Adopted veiling from Mesopotamia, Persia
• Isolation from India through purdah, harem
• Muslim rights for women
• Often weakened through Hadith

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IMAGE OF WOMEN
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ISLAMIC CULTURAL TRADITION

• Use of Arabic script as only language of Islam
• Sufis Islamic mystics, missionaries
• Led ascetic lifestyles
• The hajj
• The Kaa'ba became the symbol of Islamic cultural
  unity

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ISLAM OTHER CONTACTS

• Persian influence on Islam
• Arabian Nights
• Turkish influences
• Formed military might
• Indian Influences
• "Hindi numerals
• Greek Influences
• liked Plato and Aristotle Greek math