Muscular System

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Muscular System
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Functions of the muscular system

• Voluntary movement
• Involuntary movement
• Protection of internal organs

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Three types of muscle tissue

• Skeletal muscle tissue is attached to bones and
  causes movements of the body.
• Also called striated muscle or voluntary muscle

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Three types of muscle tissue

• Cardiac muscle is responsible for the rhythmic
  contractions of the heart.
• Cardiac muscle is involuntary it generates its
  own stimuli to initiate muscle contraction.

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Three types of muscle tissue

• Smooth muscle lines the walls of hollow organs.
  (ie blood vessels and the digestive tract)
• Smooth muscle contraction is relatively slow and
  involuntary

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Structure of the Skeletal Muscle

• Fascia
• Covering of muscle
• Become tendons (only in skeletal muscle)

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Structure of the Skeletal Muscle

• Myofibrils
• Muscle fibers
• Contraction
• In all muscle types

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Structure of the muscle

• Two key filaments that make up myofibrils
• 1. Actin is a thin filament involved in
  contraction.
• 2. Myosin is a thick filament involved in
  contraction

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Connective tissue covering of skeletal muscle
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Muscle Fatigue
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Oxygen Debt

• Oxygen debt is defined as the extra amount of
  oxygen that must be taken in by the body for
  cellular processes, and it represents the
  difference between the amount of oxygen needed
  for totally aerobic muscle activity and the
  amount actually used.

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Muscular system vocabulary

• Anaerobic glycolysis (anaerobic respiration)
• Aerobic respiration
• Rigor mortis
• Origin (attachment)
• Insertion (attachment)

• Peristalsis
• Myopathy
• RICE (acronym)
• Muscle tone
• Isotonic contractions
• Isometric contractions
• ATP

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Diseases/conditions

• Myasthenia gravis
• Disuse atrophy
• Duchenne Muscular dystrophy (DMD)
• Hernia
• Myofascial pain syndrome
• Spasm
• Cramp
• Strain
• tetanus