Successes of the Articles Congress

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1781-1789
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Successes of the Articles Congress

• Prosecuted the War
• Passed the Land
• And Northwest
• Ordinances dividing
• Western lands

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Problems Mount
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Philadelphia Convention

• Congress, in New York, agrees to call for a
  convention in May 1787 in Philadelphia for the
  sole purpose of revising the Articles of
  Confederation
• 12 states (not RI) sent 55 delegates to
  Independence Hall

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Father of the Constitution
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Who Were the Delegates?Most of the 55 white male
delegates knew and respected one another through
shared past adventures.

• 3 --- had been in the Stamp Act Congress
• 8 --- had signed the Declaration of Independence,
  2 the Articles of Confederation
• 42 --- had served in either a continental or
  confederate congress
• 30 --- were Revolutionary War veterans
• 2 --- would become Presidents, 1 Vice-President
• 7--- had been governors, 9 would be
• 8 --- were judges, 2 would serve on US Supreme
  Court

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• 2 --- were college presidents, 29 were
  college-educated
• 34 --- had practiced law, 20 had helped write
  state constitutions
• 18 --- had worked or studied abroad, many were
  fluent in French, Latin and other languages
• 8 --- were born outside US but all within British
  Empire
• Most were prosperous lawyers, businessmen or
  planters. Average age 42, most in their 30s.
  Washington was 55, Franklin was 81.

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Washington Elected President
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• The Virginia Plan
• Branches Three - legislative, executive, and
  judicial. The legislature was more powerful, as
  it chose people to serve in the executive and
  judicial branches
• .Legislature Two houses (bicameral). The House of
  Representatives was elected by the people and the
  Senate was elected by the state legislatures.
  Both were represented proportionally.
• OtherPowers The legislature could regulate
  interstate trade, strike down laws deemed
  unconstitutional and use armed forces to enforce
  laws.

• The New Jersey Plan
• Branches Three - legislative, executive, and
  judicial. The legislature appoints people to
  serve in the executive branch, and the executive
  branch selects the justices of the Supreme Court.
• Legislature One house (unicameral). States would
  be represented equally, so all states had the
  same power.
• OtherPowersThe national government could levy
  taxes and import duties, regulate trade, and
  state laws would be subordinate to laws passed by
  the national legislature.

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Bundle of Compromises
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3 Rings
Bill
Bill 2
Powers
Crash
Electoral
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