The Life Span

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Unit II The Life Span
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Chapter 4 ADOLESCENCE
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Define Ch 4 Key Terms

• initiation rites puberty
• menarche spermarche
• asynchrony identity crisis
• clique conformity
• anorexia nervosa bulimia nervosa
• gender identity gender role
• gender stereotype androgynous

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Warm up 1

• Write a detailed paragraph about the issues and
  decisions you are facing now or in the near
  future that concern you the most.

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Section 1 Physical and Sexual Development
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• Adolescence the transition period between
  childhood adulthood
• Many initiation rites mark admission into
  adulthood (examples?)
• Great physical, mental
  emotional changes occur
• All adolescents face challenges
  in the form of developmental tasks that
  must be mastered
• List the 9 (p. 95)
• Rank them from most
  
  important to least

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• On avg, girls begin puberty between 8 10 boys
  between 9 16
• Just before, both experience growth spurts (rapid
  increase in weight height lasts about 2 yrs)

Changes During Adolescence
Females
Males
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• Girls have menarche
  between 10 17
• Boys achieve spermarche
  between 12 13
• Growth can be awkward
  because of asynchrony

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• Adolescents develop attitudes about sex gender
  roles
• Has been an increase in sexual awareness
  activity in todays teens
• Teen pregnancies births are societal issues
• Fear of sexually transmitted diseases AIDS have
  impacted sexual attitudes
• Some teens choose abstinence choice to avoid
  harmful behaviors such as sex or drugs alcohol
  (WILL YOU?!)

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Section 2 Personal Development
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• Transition from childhood to adulthood involves
  changes in reasoning moral thinking patterns as
  well as personality sexual behavior adjustments
• Teenagers reach formal operations thinking
  (Piagets 4th stage) where thinking becomes more
  abstract less concrete
• Some adolescents may develop problems as a result
  of immaturity abstract thought processes
• List the 6 problems (p. 103)

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• Ones moral development depends on many factors,
  especially the kind of relationships one has w/
  parents or significant others
• Pronounced changes in moral development typically
  occur during college, when one is away from home,
  experiencing different cultures ideas

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• Establishment of identity is
  key to adolescent development
• Most adolescents must go through an
  identity crisis
• The task of an adolescent is to become a
  unique individual w/ a valued
  sense of self in society
• Identity forms when issues such as choice of
  occupation, set of values to believe in sexual
  identity are resolved
• The adolescent question is Who am I?

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Section 3 Social Development
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• A principle developmental task is becoming
  independent of family
• Teens spend much of their time w/ friends they
  need use each other to define themselves
• Schools contain easily recognizable
  well-defined groups (our school?)
• Class lines, looks, personality, athletic
  ability often determine if one
  will be accepted by a group

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• Belonging to a clique very important to most
  teens
• Social organization can often lead to conformity
• Peers tend to set standards on fashion, music,
  school-related issues but parents beliefs are
  more influential on marriage,
  religion, politics
• Teens tend to choose friends w/ values close to
  their parents

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Difficulties During Adolescence

• Most adolescents may experience some temporary
  psychological difficulties the great majority
  adjust fairly quickly
• Rates of mental illness suicide have increased
  over the past several decades

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• A troubled minority of adolescents may engage in
  acts of juvenile delinquency
• Running away
• Teen pregnancy
• Alcohol drug abuse
• Underachievement in school
• Crime

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Adolescent Depression

• Can be triggered by many issues
• Loss of a loved one through separation,
  relocation, divorce, or death
• Bullying
• Family history of depression
• Substance/alcohol abuse
• Physical or psychological abuse
• Symptoms may be physical, mental, emotional,
  and/or behavioral

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Eating Disorders

• Affect many teens, especially females
• Anorexia nervosa causes one to have
  a distorted body image see
  themselves as fat
• Bulimia nervosa causes one to be excessively
  concerned about body shape weight

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Section 4 Gender Roles and Differences
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• Gender identity vs. Gender role
• Gender roles vary among societies can change
  radically within a society
• Gender roles may become so rigid they become
  gender stereotypes (common ones in our society
  roles, behaviors, careers, etc?)
• Should more androgynous roles be accepted?

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• Are there differences between the sexes?
• Studies have shown
• Males tend to be more confident, especially in
  academics or masculine tasks (math, science),
  women perceive themselves as less competent
• Females engage in more verbal aggressive acts,
  men participate in more physical aggression
• Men actually talk more than women interrupt
  women more while they are talking
• Women use more hedges in speech (you know,
  like), more disclaimers (Im not sure) more
  tag questions at the end of sentences (Okay?)
• Women more likely to show submission warmth,
  men display more dominance status

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