Europe Plunges into War HSCE 7.2.1 Ch. 29 sec. 2

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Europe Plunges into WarHSCE 7.2.1 Ch. 29 sec. 2

• 1914---Europe divided into 2 sides
• -Triple Entente---Gr. Britain, France, Russia
• -Triple Alliance---Germany, Austria-Hungary,
  Italy
• Tangled alliance system explodes when
  Austria-Hungary declares war after Archduke Franz
  Ferdinand is assassinated
• Mid-Aug.,1914---WWI begins.
• After Aust.-Hung. declares war, Russia moves to
  A-H border
• -Germ. declares war on Russia two days later,
  France.later, Gr. Britain declares war on
  Germany
• http//www.the-map-as-history.com/demos/tome06/ind
  ex.php
• Animated map of WWI

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• Central Powers----Germany, Austria-Hungary
• --later Ottoman Empire Bulgaria would join
• Allies---Great Britain, France, Russia
• --Japan joined later
• most felt the war would be quick
  painless..WRONG!!!
• --Fall of 1914---war is a bloody
  stalemate---neither side winning
• Western Front---deadlocked region in Northern
  France where stalemate most of the fighting
  took place

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• Germans fighting on 2 fronts Western Eastern
• Schlieffen Plan---attack defeat France
  (Western) quickly, then turn East knock out
  Russia
• --had to act quickly---Russian railroads bad
  cant re-supply as fast as Germany
• --Germany easily gets to FranceAllies
  re-group stop the Germans from taking Paris.
  Schlieffen Plan is ruined
• --Germs. took too long in France
• --Russia already invading Germany
• Germany has to fight a 2 Front War!!!
• --Western Front turns into bloody stalemate
• Trench Warfare---soldiers fought from MILES of
  dug trenches to be protected from enemy fire
• --each side gained not much ground on the other
• --1000s of wasted lives in no mans land---
  space between the opposing trenches
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vSXtsiqrhqsU All
  Quiet

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• Trench warfare was BRUTAL!!!! Horrible
  conditions new weapons just killed more
  efficiently----not end the war sooner.
• New weapons first used in WWI
• --poison gas Germans first used it, but both
  sides soon did
• --Machine gun way improved by WWI
• --Tank 1st introduced by Brits in 1916 at
  Battle of the Somme
• --Submarine 1914Germans perfected it it was
  their greatest weapon
• Eastern Front---- German-Russian border
• -1916---Russias war effort was nearly wiped out
• -Russia had not been industrialized could not
  keep up war manufacturing
• -Short on food, guns, ammo, clothing
• -U-Boats kept supply ships out of Russia in the
  open seas
• Russias 1 weapon NUMBERS-----countrys
  HUUUUGE population kept rebuilding the armys
  ranks to keep fighting---kept the Germans busy in
  the East so they couldnt throw it all to the
  West.