Title: Essential Question:
1- Essential Question
- What were the principle causes major
effects of the counterculture movements
of the 1960s 1970s? - Reading Quiz Ch 29A
2A Generation in Conflict1965-1974
3A Decade of Protest 1965-1974
- The decade from 1965 to 1974 was marked by
protest due to - Escalation of the Vietnam War
- Attack on middle-class values
- Increased college enrollment
- The initial liberal protests began on college
campuses but soon inspired other, national
protests
The Sixties generation was the best educated in
American history
Protests against Vietnam linked other social
criticismThe war abroad, intensified a war at
home
African-Americans
Mexican-Americans
Native-Americans
Women
Hippies
4The Student Revolt
Refused to allow Free Speech movement to collect
money for off-campus causes
- The student protest movement began at UC-Berkeley
in 1964 with the Free Speech movement - Students protested the corporate face 1950s
rules of UC-Berkeley - Students rioted when denied a political voice on
campus - This inspired the formation of Students for a
Democratic Society to end racism, poverty,
violence
5Mario Savio the Free Speech riots
The Berkeley protests University of
Michigan-based SDS inspired riots on campuses
across the USA
Brown University ended required courses grades
Many colleges ended in loco parentis rules
6The Cultural Revolution
Increase in premarital sex use of the pill
Harvard professor Timothy Leary Lets all try
LSD!! Tune in, turn on,
drop out!
Summer of Love in 1967
- The student protests coincided with youth
counter-culture in 1965 - Beginning in San Francisco spreading throughout
the US, the hippie culture emphasized - Sexual expression
- Clothing
- Drugs
- Music
Use of psychoactive hallucinogenic drugs
Everyone must get stoned, Bob Dylan
Folk music
British invasion electric rock
Acid rock
7Electric rock like The Beatles
Folk singers like Joan Baez Bob Dylan
(until Dylan discovered the electric guitar)
Acid rock like the Grateful Dead
Music was an important element to 1960s
counter-culture
8Is this the nations youth??
Drugs
Sex
Rock n Roll
No work ethic?
Mostly children from upper-middle class families
91968The Year of Turmoil
101968
- 1968 was one of the most turbulent years in U.S.
history - Martin Luther King Jr. Robert Kennedy were
assassinated - Riots broke out at the Democratic National
Convention - The Tet Offensive showed that the USA was not
winning the Vietnam War
11Protesting the Vietnam War
- The most dramatic focus of youthful rebellion was
Vietnam - Mostly led by college students who escaped the
draft - Students protested the draft, military research
on college campuses, disproportionate use of
black Hispanic soldiers - Protests got stronger as fighting intensified in
Vietnam in 1966
12U.S. Troop Levels in Vietnam
13Vietnam in 1968
- In 1968, the Vietcong launched the Tet Offensive
against U.S. forces in South Vietnam - The attack was contrary to media reports that the
U.S. was winning the Vietnam War - The attack led LBJ to believe that Vietnam could
not be won - In 1968, LBJ began discussions to seek a truce
announced that he would not seek re-election
14The Tet Offensive, 1968
15Assassinations in 1968
- In 1968, leading Democratic presidential
candidate Robert Kennedy was shot during the
California primary
- In 1968, Martin Luther King was assassinated in
Memphis race riots broke out in over 100 cities
16The 1968 Democratic Convention
- The withdraw of LBJ death of RFK, left 2
candidates for the Democratic nomination in 1968 - MN Senator Eugene McCarthy
- VP Hubert Humphrey
- TV showed angry protestors police fight outside
the convention when Humphrey was nominated
Idealistic anti-warsupported by upper-middle
class whites college students
Truman-style Cold Warriorsupported by Democratic
party leaders Did not campaign
171968 Democratic National Convention
Republicans benefited from the Vietnam disaster
a shattered Democratic party Nixon won the
election as a reconciler
18- Essential Question
- What were the principle causes effects of the
counterculture movements of the 1960s 1970s? - Warm-Up Question
- How does the counter-culture movement of the
1960s compare to that of the 1950s?
19Social Protests of the 1960s 1970s
20"Black Power"
Im black Im proud! James Brown
- In the late 1960s, civil rights from political to
economic equality - Leadership shifted from MLKs nonviolent protest
to militancy - Civil rights began to reflect the overt embrace
of black culture pride dashikis, afros,
dap, rejection of slave names, the black
is beautiful motto
More than 50 of northern blacks lived in poverty
21"Black Power"
Political power comes through the barrel of a
gun Huey Newton
- SNCC leader Stokely Carmichael
- Told blacks to seize power where they outnumber
whites - Called for black-controlled unions, co-ops,
political parties - The Black Panthers dedicating themselves to
defending blacks from policebrutality serving
their communities
22Brown Power
- Mexican-Americans began to advocate for their
rights - La Raza called for cultural awareness, voter
registration, education poverty reforms - César Chávez organized the Natl Farm Workers'
Assoc to demand better pay for pickers - Chicanos called for won bilingual education
programs
23Pink Power
Growth of female-run small businesses helped
overcome corporate glass ceiling
- Women's Liberation movement demanded increased
rights an end to sexism in America - Friedans Feminine Mystique criticized 1950s
housewife life - National Org of Women (NOW) called for equal pay,
child care, rape laws, anti-abortion laws - Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was revived to end
sexism
In 1973, the Supreme Court upheld abortion rights
in Roe v Wade
In the late 1960s, the pill became widely
available
In the 1960s, women were still employed in
stereotypical jobs
Butin most families, both parents worked out of
the home
were still seen as homemakers
unmarried adults outnumbered married adults
for the first time
24State Voting on the ERA
The ERA by fell 3 states shy of the ¾ needed for
ratification
The feminist leaders supporting the ERA were
Gloria Steinem Betty Friedan, author of
Feminist Mystique (1963) president of NOW
The leader of the anti-ERA movement was Phyllis
Schlafly who believed that women were protected
by the Equal Pay Act (1963) Civil Rights Act
25Rainbow Power
- The Gay Liberation movement started in 1969 after
the Stonewall Riot in New York City - The Gay Liberation Front demanded end to
discrimination rallied gays to come out - The American Psychiatry Assoc ended its
classification of homosexuality as a disease - ½ of all states changed their sodomy employment
laws
26Red Power
Resulted in marches on the Bureau of Indian
Affairs in D.C. Wounded Knee in S.D.
- The American Indian movement sought to service
its communities regain lost lands - Indians of All Tribes took Alcatraz Island in
1969 called attention to the movement - Trail of Broken Tears in 1972 Long March in
1978 helped lead to the return of lands across
the country to tribes
A 5-month protest from California to D.C. to
protest past U.S. treaty violations
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28Yellow Power
- The Asian-American movement began with the
formation of the Asian American Political
Alliance - Protested U.S. involvement in Vietnam use of
term gooks - Called for received Asian-American studies in
colleges, health services in Asian communities,
reparations for interned Japanese-Americans
29Civil Liberties
- Civil liberties were protected for people accused
of crimes - Gideon v Wainwright (1963)all citizens, no
matter the crime, have the right to an attorney - Escobedo v Illinois (1964)citizens have the
right to remain silent during interrogations - Miranda v Arizona (1966)suspects must be told of
their right against self-incrimination
30Conclusions
- The counterculture power protests used
similar methods - Active often-militant protest for civil
economic rights - Cultural pride awareness
- These protests would continue but would faced
confrontation by the conservative politics of the
1970s 1980s
Black is Beautiful, Gay is Good,
Sisterhood is Powerful