Unit 1 Revision

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Unit 1 Revision

• Topic 1 Restless Earth

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What are the main things I need to know?

• How and why tectonic plates are moving
• Why earthquakes and volcanoes occur
• 2 examples of earthquakes
• 2 examples of volcanoes
• How people can respond to earthquakes and
  volcanoes

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Starter Study this diagram for 30 seconds
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Now draw your own version in 1 minute
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Remember to add these labels

• Inner core
• Outer core
• Mantle
• Crust
• Asthenosphere
• Lithosphere

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Check your diagram and give yourself a mark out
of 5
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Why are the plates moving?

• http//www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/understand
  ing-earthquakes-and-plate-tectonics/5724.html
• As you watch the clip, write down key words

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Plate movement

• Spend 1 minute sketch to show the following plate
  boundaries
• Convergent (destructive)
• Divergent (constructive)
• Transform (conservative)
• Which type of plate boundary is the mid-Atlantic
  ridge? Lies under Kobe, Japan? Is the San
  Andreas fault?

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Why do earthquakes occur?

• http//www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/a-geologic
  al-explanation-of-earthquakes/6736.html
• As you watch the clip, write down key words that
  you hear/read

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Earthquake key words

• Crust focus energy
• Mantle pressure released
• Plates heat plate boundary
• Epicentre friction

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Practice question

• Explain why earthquakes occur (you can draw a
  diagram if you wish).
• (4 marks)
• (4 minutes)

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SELF ASSESSMENTExplain why earthquake occur

• For 4 marks need 4 points (or 2 points each
  explained)
• Eg Convection currents in the mantle cause the
  plates to move and collide. Pressure can build
  up at the plate boundaries where plates are
  colliding because plates do not move easily past
  one another. When the rocks can no longer take
  the pressure, they crack, releasing shockwaves
  (the earthquake).

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Earthquake example Kobe, Japan (MEDC)

• http//www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/the-kobe-e
  arthquake/3070.html
• As you watch the clip, write down 3-5 facts about
  the Kobe earthquake

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Earthquake example Port-Au-Prince, Haiti

• http//www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/the-impact
  -of-the-haiti-earthquake/11522.html
• Watching the clip, write 5 facts

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Comparing Kobe and Haiti
Kobe, Japan Port-au-Prince, Haiti
Jan 1995 6.9 on richter scale Jan 2010 7 on richter scale
Over 6,000 dead, 300,00 homeless 220,00 dead 1.5 mill homeless
100,000 buildings damaged 180,000 buildings damaged
US132 bill damage US11.5 bill damage
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Practice question

• Using examples, explain how people can respond to
  earthquakes. (4 marks)

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SELF ASSESSMENTUsing examples, explain how
people can respond to earthquakes. (4 marks)

• For 4 marks need 4 points (or 2 points each
  explained)
• In Japan, buildings are made to withstand
  earthquakes such as being built with
  shockabsorbers in their foundations. Also,
  people are taught what to do if an earthquake
  strikes such as taking cover under a table or
  standing in a doorway. In Haiti lots of
  charities like the Red Cross helped out by
  providing tents for people to live in and medical
  help for people who were hurt.

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Volcanoes

• Montserrat LEDC example
• 25th June 1997
• On the boundary between the Caribbean and
  Atlantic plates (destructive plate margin)

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Montserrat Impacts Which are primary and which
are secondary?

• 2/3 island covered in ash
• Airport has remained closed
• 23 people killed
• Over half the population left the island and have
  not returned
• Farmland destroyed by ash
• How else could you categorise these impacts?

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Icelandic Eruption MEDC example STUDY THIS
INFORMATION FOR 30 SECONDS

• April 2010
• Constructive plate boundary where Eurasian and
  North American plates move apart
• No deaths
• Ash affected farmland locally, flights in Europe,
  contaminated water sources.
• Increase in tourism locally

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Iceland volcano what can you remember?

• When?
• What happened?
• How did it affect people?
• How did it affect the environment?
• Any good impacts?

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Monitoring Volcanoes

• We CAN predict and prepare for volcanic
  eruptions