Kingdom Protista

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Kingdom Protista

• Chapter 20

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Kingdom Protista Catch all

• Eukaryotes
• Unicellular and Multicellular
• Autotrophic or heterotrophic
• Some have cell walls
• Many have structures specific for movement.

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Types of Protists

• Animal like Protists
• Plant like Protists
• Funguslike Protists

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Animal-like Protists

• Typically heterotrophic, motile, unicellular
• Live in water but can be found in moist soil
• Grouped by method of locomotion

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Phylum Zoomastigina Zooflagellates

• Move by flagella
• Live symbiotically
• Examples-
• Trichonympha collaris termites
• Tyrpanosoma brucei tsetse fly cause sleeping
  sickness

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Sarcodines

• Amoeba
• Unicellular
• Move by psuedopods false foot
• Feed by phagocytosis
• Can cause dysentery

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Phylum Ciliophora Ciliates

• Paramecium
• Use cilia for feeding and movement.
• Discharge trichocysts to disable prey
• Reproduce sexually and asexually

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Phylum Sporozoa

• Nonmotile parasites
• Form spores
• Example-
• Plasmodium vivax causes malaria
• Infected female Anopheles mosquito
• Cells bursts, high fever and severe chills

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Malaria
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Plantlike Protists

• Chlorophyll and accessory pigments allow algae to
  harvest and use the energy from sunlight.

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Euglenophytes Euglena
Chloroplast
Carbohydrate storage bodies
Gullet
Pellicle
Contractile vacuole
Nucleus
Eyespot
Flagella

• Unicellular
• Moves by flagella
• Heterotrophic or autotrophic

LABEL IN YOUR NOTES!
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Diatoms

• Produce cell walls rich in silica (Si the main
  ingredient in glass)

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Dinoflagellates

• Half are photosynthetic and the other half are
  heterotrophic.
• Two flagella that cause it to spin like a top
• Warm surface waters cause blooms
• Red tide can paralyze humans

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Plant like Protists - Algae

• Live in water and photosynthesize (produce much
  of the earths oxygen)
• Named for the type of chlorophyll and accessory
  pigments they contain - Green, golden brown,
  brown, and red
• Produce food that maintain communities in oceans
  and fresh water
• Chemicals from algae are used to make plastics,
  waxes, paints, deodorant. Also used to make
  ice-cream, salad dressing, pudding, or a candy
  bar.

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Red, Brown, and Green Algae
Red Algae- live at great depths due to their
efficiency in harvesting light energy. Red algae
contain chlorophyll a and reddish accessory
pigments called phycobilins. Brown algae-
contain chlorophyll a and c, as well as a brown
accessory pigment, fucoxanthin. Green Algae-
share many characteristics with plants, including
their photosynthetic pigments and cell wall
composition.
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Unicellular Green AlgaeChlamydomonas
Colonial Green AlgaeVolvox

• Chlamydomonas

Filamentous Green AlgaeSpirogira
Multicellular Green Algae
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Fungus like Protist

• Lack chlorophyll
• Absorb dead and decaying organic matter.
• Not classified as true fungi as they do not
  contain chitin their cell walls.
• Examples-
• Slime molds are fungus like protists that play
  key roles in recycling organic material
• Oomycetes thrive on dead or decaying organic
  matter in water and are plant parasites on land.