Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories 1990-2001

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Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories 1990-2001

• Michael McGettigan
• EPA

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Institutional and Procedural Arrangements

• The Irish EPA was established under the
  Environmental Protection Agency Act of 1992
• Under Sections 52 69 of the EPA Act, the Agency
  is required to establish and maintain databases
  and inventories of emissions to the environment
  and to provide such information to interested
  parties
• Under Section 55 of the Act the Agency must
  provide information and advice to Government in
  order that it can comply with Irelands reporting
  obligations and commitments within the framework
  of international agreements
• These requirements are the regulatory basis on
  which the EPA produces annual inventories of GHGs
• The Department of Environment Heritage and Local
  Government (DEHLG) designated the EPA as the
  focal point for submission of emissions data to
  the UNFCCC Sectretariat and to the UNECE
  Sectretariat
• The agency compiles the national GHG inventories
  on behalf of the Department for submission under
  the Framework Convention on Climate Change and to
  the Monitoring Mechanism of the Commission under
  Decision 99/296/EEC

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Institutional Procedural Arrangements
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Common Reporting Format

• Framework for reporting information onmethods,
  assumptions for each IPCC sectoraggregated
  activity data and emission factorsbunkers,
  feedstocks, recalculations, changes in methods
• Designed to facilitatesubmission of annual
  inventory in uniform format for all
  countriesidentification of errors and
  omissionscomparisons between years and between
  countries

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National Inventory Report

• Detailed description of methods and
  datacountry-specific methods, assumptions for
  each IPCC sectordisaggregated activity data and
  emission factorscalculation sheets, database
  information, references
• Information on QA/QC
• Uncertainties
• Improvements, response to reviews

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Status of Irish Reporting

• Consistent CRF time-series 1990-2001 for CO2, CH4
  and N2O 1995-2001 for f-gases
• Substantial application of revised 1996 IPCC
  Guideline methodologies
• NIR structured according to UNFCCC Reporting
  Guidelines
• Significant progress on implementation of IPCC
  Good Practice Guidance

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Recalculations

• Two major rounds of recalculations to improve
  consistency and completeness
• Recalculations described in detail in NIR 2002
  and NIR 2003
• Update for CO2 emissions/removals by forest to be
  submitted in 2004
• Major recalculations in coming years for
  Agriculture and LUCF

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Irelands Greenhouse Gas Emissions 1990-2001
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Emissions by Sector
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Trends by IPCC Source Category
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Trends by Gas
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CO2 from Combustion Sources
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Emissions from Agriculture
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Key Sources

• A key source is one that is prioritised within
  the national inventory system because its
  estimate has a significant influence on the total
  inventory in terms of absolute level of emissions
  , the trend in emissions, or both (IPCC Good
  Practice Guidance)

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Key Sources (IPCC Level 2)
1990
2001
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Key Source Analysis by Level Assessment in 2001

• 41 key sources in total (calculation level)
• 26 key sources for CO2 account for 65 of
  emissions
• 6 key sources for CH4 account for 17 of
  emissions
• 7 key sources for N2O account for 13 of
  emissions
• 2 key sources for HFC,PFC SF6 account for lt1
  of emissions
• Energy has 26 key sources Industrial Processes
  has 5 and Agriculture has 8

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Key Sources in 2001
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Tier 1 Uncertainty Estimates
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ERTDI Research Programme

• The ERTDI programme has allocated approximately
  6m for climate change research
• Areas identified from the NCCS (2000), EPA
  Millennium Report (2000) and discussions with
  stakeholders
• Aims
• Support GHG inventory reporting requirements
• Provide scientific information to support policy
  and effective participation and negotiation
• Develop research capacity
• Provide new data specific to Ireland

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Impacts of Climate Change

• Completed and published
• Studies of likely impacts of climate change in
  Ireland
• Indicators of climate change
• Reports available

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Research on GHGs F-gases

• Completed and published
• Inventory time-series for f-gases 1995-2001
• Comparison of top-down and bottom-up methods
• Inverse modelling
• Reports available

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Research on GHGs -LUCF

• Filling the information gaps in LUCF
• Determine soil and biomass carbon stocks
• Develop robust methods for emissions/removals in
  LUCF categories 5.B, 5.C and 5.D
• Special consideration for peatlands
• Further development of CARBWARE model for LUCF
  category 5.A aimed at reporting under the Kyoto
  Protocol

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Research on GHGs -Agriculture

• More Accurate Emissions for Agriculture
• determine country-specific CH4 emission factors
  for cattle (Tier 2 methods)
• determine country-specific N2O emission factors
  for direct emissions (2 methods)
• develop methods to account for the factors that
  influence direct N2O emissions
• undertake extensive farm surveys to fully
  quantify N excretion and AWMS

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Data Management System/COE

• climate change database COE project
• data management system for research data
• archive and retrieval systems all GHG data
• reporting specific to National Climate Change
  Strategy
• application to emission projections
• archive facility for other relevant EPA data
• provides for integrated analyses of key data
• provides stakeholder and public access

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Inventory Data Users Group

• Supports implementation of the National Climate
  Change Strategy
• Aims to improve inventory capacity
• Develops collaboration among data suppliers
• Identifies data needs, new data sources
• Templates for specific data capture
• Internal review of inventories

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Ireland is furthest from its Distance to Kyoto
Target (23.9 Percent points)
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(No Transcript)
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National GHG Total/KP target
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Review of GHG Inventories

• Objectivesprovide for a periodic detailed
  assessment of inventory methods, procedures
  methodologiesexamine institutional
  arrangements, documentation, record keeping,
  paper trailexamine consistency with UNFCCC
  reporting guidelines, IPCC guidelines and
  GPGidentify areas for improvementassist
  Partiesensure that the COP has adequate
  information on GHG emissions and on their trends

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Annual Review

• Review Guidelines (COP8)all Annex I Parties to
  be reviewed annuallyup to 8 in-country
  reviewsup to 8 Parties in centralized
  reviewup to 5 Parties in desk reviews
• Reviews in 2003in-country reviews of Belgium,
  Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Ireland, Japan,
  Romania, Spain18 Parties in centralized review
  and 3 in desk review