Prepositional Phrases

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Prepositional Phrases

• How can I identify prepositions and their
  function in a sentence?

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A word that shows a relationship between a noun
or pronoun and some other word in the sentence.
The baseball player in the white shirt hit a
homerun.
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Common Prepositions
Here is a list of the most common prepositions
aboard along behind but (except) from off past until
about amid below by in on since up
above among beneath down inside onto through upon
across around beside during into out to with
after at between except near outside toward within
against before beyond for of over under without
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A word that shows a relationship between a noun
or pronoun and some other word in the sentence.
(Add prepositions below.)
______ her boat ______noon ______ a house
______ class ______ the goat ______ a
goon ______ a mouse _______ a pass
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Always begins with a preposition and ends with a
noun or pronoun.
Write sentences for these prepositional phrases
under the doors
on the Lake Michigan shore
near excellent schools
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OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION
The OP is the noun or pronoun that ends a
prepositional phrase.
The baseball player in the white shirt hit a
homerun.
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OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION
The noun or pronoun that ends a prepositional
phrase.
on her boat before noon in a house during
class near the goat about a goon under a
mouse without a pass
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A preposition is a part of speech that shows a
relationship between two things

• Prepositions show relationship by
• Location (on, under, in)
• Timing (before, after, during)
• Direction (from, toward, to)

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Location

• The mouse is under the table.
• Two things mouse table
• Relationship one is under the other
• Under is a preposition!

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Location

• Prepositions show the location or movement of an
  object in many different ways!

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Timing

• Kate ate breakfast before her brother.
• Two things Kate Kates brother
• Relationship one is before the other
• Before is a preposition!

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Timing

• Prepositions show the relationship of a noun or
  pronoun to time.

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Direction or Movement

• The couple sailed across the vast lake.
• Two things couple lake
• Relationship one is crossing the other
• Across is a preposition!

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Direction or Movement

• Prepositions show the relationship of a noun or
  pronoun in a direction or movement to another
  object.

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Prepositional Phrases as Adjectives and Adverbs

• Prepositional Phrases can function as
• Adjectives known as an adjective phrase
• Adverbs known as an adverb phrase

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What do adjectives and adverbs modify?

• Adjective phrases modify
• Nouns and
• Pronouns
• Adverbs phrases modify
• Verbs
• Adjectives and
• Other Adverbs

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Modifies a noun or pronoun It answers the same
questions an adjective would Which one? What
kind? How many?
The puppy in the shop window jumped up.
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Preposition as an adjective

• If it functions as an adjective it is called an
  adjective phrase.
• The fabrics from the Orient were quite beautiful.
• What is your prepositional phrase?
• From the Orient
• What does it describe?
• Fabrics (the subject of the sentence)

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Preposition as an adjective

• These ancient hangings are tapestries from other
  lands.
• What is your prepositional phrase?
• From other lands
• What does it describe?
• Tapestries (the noun in the predicate)

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Modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb It answers
the same questions an adverb would Where? When?
How?
The puppy jumped to the food.
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Preposition as an adverb

• If it functions as an adverb, it is called an
  adverb phrase.
• The women are weaving on looms.
• What is your prepositional phrase?
• On looms
• What does it describe?
• Are weaving (on loom describes the verb)

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Preposition as an adverb

• That fabric looks great on you.
• What is your prepositional phrase?
• On you
• What does it modify?
• Great (it describes an adjective)

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You MUST memorize the prepositions!
If there is no object of the preposition (if the
preposition is not part of a phrase), then it is
not a prepositionit is an adverb. RULE Subjects
and verbs will never be found in a prepositional
phrase.
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The gecko climbed up the wall. In this example
up the wall is a prepositional phrase.
The gecko climbed up. In this example up is an
adverb.
The gecko climbed up on the wall. In this example
up is an adverb and on the wall is the
prepositional phrase. Is it functioning as an
adjective or adverb?
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Identify the prepositional phrases and the
objects of the preposition in each sentence
below. Tell whether each phrase is functioning as
an adjective or adverb.

1. The paper with the blue border is floating
   through the air.
2. Jordans eyes sparkle like a sunny day.
3. With great ease, Michael jumped up on the table.

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1. The paper with the blue border is floating
   through the air.
2. Jordans eyes sparkle like a sunny day.
3. With great ease, Michael jumped on the table.

Prepositional phrase
Object as as an adverb
Object as as an adjective
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adverb or preposition?

1. The tadpoles are below the waters surface.
2. I jumped up, and Amy jumped down.
3. Is Taylor near?
4. Erin looked at the purple-haired boy.