Progressive Era

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Progressive Era
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four main Goals of Progressivism

• Protect social welfare
• Promote moral improvement
• Create economic reform
• Foster efficiency

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Social Welfare

• YMCA (Young Mens Christian Association)
• opened libraries
• sponsored classes
• Built swimming pools, courts
• Salvation Army
• soup kitchens
• child care
• Social Gospel
• Settlement Homes
• community centers
• Churches
• social services

YMCA Basketball League, 1896
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What is the SOCIAL GOSPEL?

• As spoken by one of the preachers of the Social
  Gospel
• the application of the teaching of Jesus and the
  total message of the Christian salvation to
  society, economic life, and social
  institutionsas well as the individual.

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First Settlement House, Hull House, Chicago

• Jane Addams, co-founded with Ellen Gates Starr,
  1889.

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Nursery, Hull House
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Civilization is a method of living and an
attitude of equal respect for all people. Jane
Addams
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Florence kelley

• Advocate for improving lives of women and
  children.
• Helped pass Illinois Factory Act of 1893,
  prohibited child labor and limited womens
  working hours.

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Moral Improvement Prohibition

• WCTU, founded in 1874 in Cleveland Womens
  Christian Temperance Union.
• Frances Willard is key in growing WCTU to a
  national organization.
• 245,000 members by 1911.

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Anti-Saloon League, 1895
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Economic Reform

• Panic of 1893 prompted some to question
  capitalist system.
• Eugene V. Debs helped organize American
  Socialist Party (1901) argued against uneven
  economic distribution between business,
  government, and ordinary people.

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Journalists of Early 20th Century Muckrakers

• Wrote about corrupt side of business and public
  life.
• Ida Tarbell called out Rockefellers Standard
  Oil Company.
• Lincoln Steffens exposed business and government
  corruption in McClures Magazine.
• Upton Sinclair The Jungle (1905).
• Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lives (1890)

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Child Labor

• National Child Labor Committee (1904) formulated
  in New York City to investigate child labor led
  to ban in 1916 (overturned in Supreme Court in
  1918) wouldnt fully be endorsed until 1930s.

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Scientific Management

• Frederick Winslow Taylor Taylorism, uses time
  and motion studies to improve efficiency by
  breaking manufacturing tasks into simpler parts.
• How fast could work be performed?
• Assembly-line manufacturing.

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Henry ford

• Reduced workday to eight hours and paid workers
  5 per day.

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