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PREHISTORIC POTTERY

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... Low Fire = Temperature range of 400 800 F. - Bisque: Pots that have been fired once. ... Cord Marked Late Woodland - Cord-decorated Pinch Pot Pinch Pot: ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: PREHISTORIC POTTERY


1
PREHISTORIC POTTERY
  • Woodland Culture
  • Wisconsin
  • c. 500 BC 1650 AD
  • By Mrs. Mary Barbara Summerfield

2
BASIC LANGUAGE OF CLAY
  • Clay Fine grained material made of hydrated
    aluminum silicates, used in making pottery.
  • Temper Sand, crushed stone, ground mussel
    shell, crushed fired clay, or plant fibers used
    to reduce shrinkage, expansion and cracking
    during firing.

3
Language of Clay
  • Slip Clay mixed with water to make a type of
    glue used for attaching 2 pieces of claysuch as
    a handle to a pot.
  • Pigment Some stones such as hematite can be
    ground into powder, and mixed with slip for
    decoration.

4
Language of Clay
  • Fire Prehistoric pots may have been fired over
    an open air camp fire.
  • - Low Fire Temperature range of
  • 400 800 F.
  • - Bisque Pots that have been fired once.

5
Language of Clay
  • Burnish Small, flat or round stones may have
    been used to polish clay.
  • Wedge Method of removing air bubbles from clay
  • - A paddle covered with woven fabric or cord may
    have been used to beat the clay.
  • - A large stone would have supported the inside
    of the pot.
  • - A pattern would remain on the pot.

6
Language of Clay
  • PREHISTORIC BASIC TOOL KIT
  • - Grinding Stone
  • - Paddle with Fabric Cord
  • - Mussel Shells
  • - Sharp Sticks, Bone, Wood for Decoration

7
Characteristics of Woodland Pots
  • Early Woodland
  • - Plain/Geometric Rim Decoration
  • Middle Woodland
  • - Bag-shaped, Cord Marked
  • Late Woodland
  • - Cord-decorated

8
Pinch Pot
  • Pinch Pot Basic Pot Form
  • - Start with Snowball Shape.
  • - Pierce Center of Clay with Finger.
  • - Develop into a Bowl Shape.
  • - Tap botton of pot to create a foot.

9
Coil Pot
  • Modern coil pots are started by using a slab, or
    flat base.
  • Woodland Culture pots may have started as coil
    pots. After reaching the leather hard stage,
    coils (snake-like shapes) were wrapped around the
    pot, slowly adding to the height of the pot.
  • Collared Rim Thick rim of clay added to the top
    of a pot.

10
Processing Raw Clay
  • 1. Harvest clay from an area rich in ancient
    riverbed clay.
  • 2. Let clay dry thoroughly.
  • 3. Pound or sift clay to remove heavy clods and
    grasses.
  • 4. Soak clay for 2 4 days.
  • 5. Knead clay to further reduce clods.

11
Adding Temper
  • Prehistoric potters may have added as much as ½
    pound temper for each pound of clay.
  • Soak the temper.
  • Knead it into the clay.
  • The clay should start to become more plastic, or
    workable.

12
Color
  • - Use supplies from your tool kit to decorate
    your pot, if desired.
  • - Soak the hematite powder.
  • - Mix it with some slip.
  • - Use a brush or your fingers to paint a
    design on your pot.

13
Drying the Pot
  • - A pot should dry for at least two weeks prior
    to firing.
  • - Prehistoric pots were possibly covered and
    dried on the ground. As they started to dry,
    the coverings were removed.
  • - Pots can also be placed in the sun for sun
    baking.
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