Motivation 2 (Chapter 12)

1
Motivation 2 (Chapter 12)

• Sexual desire
• Achievement motivation
• Conflict in needs

2
(No Transcript)
3
What is the basis of interpersonal attraction?
4
Physiology of sexual response

• Sex drive related to testosterone levels, but not
  completely accounted for by this
• Sexual arousal can occur to a range of emotions
• Human sexuality examined in 1950s, 1960s by
  surveys of Kinsey, Masters Johnson
• Psychophysiology of arousal and orgasm between
  men and women actually quite similar
• Culture, sexual scripts, sexual orientation,
  sexual history all builds upon basic physiology

5
Motivations for sex (/-!!)

• Enhancement Feels good emotionally and
  physically
• Intimacy To feel emotionally close to someone
• Coping To deal with negative emotions
• Self-affirmation To feel wanted, attractive
• Partners approval Because someone wanted you
  to, avoid rejection
• Peer approval To tell your friends, be part of
  the crowd

Sexual coercion and aggression For dominance,
power, social status, punishment
6
Development of sexuality

• No evidence that environment, parenting, plays a
  role
• Biological factors have been examined
• Genetics, prenatal exposure to androgens
• Considerable impact of culture on sexuality
• Sexuality across the lifespan
• Sexuality and science confounded with moral
  questions (e.g., Thou shalt not), politics
  (e.g., legal recognition for same sex couples),
  prejudice, and culture

7
(No Transcript)
8
Basic human needs

• Physiological needs are reflected in personality
• McClelland Need for achievement
• Thematic Apperception Test
• Abraham Maslow Needs for affiliation, power,
  and achievement
• Needs form a hierarchy
• Motivation related to intrinsic and extrinsic
  motivators, e.g., getting an A

9
Motivation Needs and Opportunity

• You may have a high need for achievement
• Reflected in work, education
• Do you have the skills to achieve?
• Do you have the opportunity to achieve?
• If not, motivation can decrease, frustration can
  arise
• If you do, success becomes reinforcing,
  satisfaction in achievements results

10
(No Transcript)
11
Motives conflict

• Approach-Approach conflicts
• Two people you like ask you out
• Two menu items are equally enticing
• Avoidance-Avoidance conflicts
• What will it be laundry or studying?
• Two bad movies
• Approach-Avoidance
• Someone you like asks you do something you hate
• You want more pizza but feel stuffed
• Multiple conflicts
• Many competing approach and avoidant issues
• Go home for weekend like parents, like food,
  hate brother, like dog, cant do schoolwork /-,
  miss something here, miss something there, sick
  grandparent

12
Maslows Hierarchy of Needs
Need for self actualization
Progression if lower needs are satisfied,
regression if they are not
Esteem needs
Belonginess and love
Safety and security needs
Physiological needs
Student in a crisis Are you alive? Are you
safe? Do you have some friends to talk to? Are
you feeling okay? Have you learned anything from
the crisis?
13
(No Transcript)