Romans Create a Republic

1
Romans Create a Republic

• Legend has it that in 753 BCE Rome was founded by
  twins named Romulus Remus. They had been
  abandoned as young kids and raise by a female wolf

2

• Its all about location
• Sits on Italys biggest river, the Tiber
• Close to the Med Sea
• Rich volcanic soil
• Excellent weather for agriculture
• Romans are from the group called Latins

3

• About the time of the founding of Rome the Greeks
  arrived and settled colonies in the south
• Romans would learn how to grow grapes and olives
  from them, as well as their Gods (whom they would
  also use, just changed their names
• Etruscans influenced the Romans in engineering
  and in writing (the Romans adapted their
  alphabet)
• Also religious rituals

4
Legend has it that Rome was lacking women, and
although it was growing Rome was doomed unless it
could make more Romans, so Romulus invited the
neighboring Sabines to come to a religious party
and then they drove the men away in what was
called the Rape of the Sabine Women
5

• Rome was ruled by Etruscan kings for about 100
  years
• The king, Tarquin the Prouds son raped a Roman
  woman named Lucretia, who after advising her
  father husband killed herself
• Led by Lucius Brutus, the Romans revolted and
  drove the Etruscans out in 509 BCE
• They formed a new government called a republic,
  power rests with citizens who vote to select
  their leaders.

6

• Etruscan Jewelry

7

• Fresco - Double Flute Player from the Tomb of the
  Leopards, Tarquinia

8

• A large water vessel of the Archaic period (c.
  750-c. 480 BCE) and the Classical period (c.
  480-c. 330 BCE).

9

• Etruscan Temple

10
Patricians Plebeians

• The word Patrician comes from the Latin word
  Pater, which means father.
• Patricians were the wealthy landowners who
  claimed ancestry back to the times of Romulus
• Plebeians were everybody else and had the right
  to vote but not hold office.

11
Government

• Tribunes
• The citizens of Rome voted for tribunes. It was
  the tribunes job to make sure that the people
  were treated fairly.
•  
•  

Twelve Tables Laws had never been written down
and were left to the patricians to interpret. Now
everyone was protected the same under the law
Consuls 2 elected each year. Like a president.
Could not run again for 10 years. Each had veto
power
12

• The senate of Rome was an aristocratic branch
  made of 300 members of the upper class (later
  plebeians were allowed). It was a position for
  life

13
(No Transcript)
14
Cincinnatus he was made dictator twice to help
put down revolts. After all was settled he
returned the dictators symbol and returned to
his plowIn Rome, a dictator was a leader who had
absolute power to make laws and command the army.
His power lasted 6 months
15
A Roman Legion consisted of about 5,000 men.
Within a legion were centuries which had between
80-100 men
16
Rome slowly added territory an assortment of
Gauls/Celts had been putting pressure on Italy
and finally moved on Rome and sacked it in 390 BCE
17

1. The Romans traded goods throughout their Empire.
   By importing goods from other countries they
   raised their standard of living and were able to
   have many luxuries.
2. The Romans used their network of roads and also
   waterways to transport goods from one country to
   another.
3. The Romans traded with Britain for silver, which
   they used to make jewelry and coins, and wool
   which they used to make clothes.
4. They imported dyes to color their clothes from
   the south-eastern part of their Empire and also
   spices to flavor their food.

18

1. If Rome wanted to continue its growth it would
   have to deal with the largest most powerful
   trading city in the Mediterranean, Carthage

19

1. The Romans traded goods throughout their Empire.
   By importing goods from other countries they
   raised their standard of living and were able to
   have many luxuries.

As it looked 2nd century CE
20
(No Transcript)
21

• There were 3 wars between Rome Carthage between
  264-146 BCE
• The 1st lasted 20 years Rome would win the
  island of Sicily

22
The 2nd war was all about Hannibal, the
Carthaginian general
23

• Hannibals army was in Spain and Rome felt secure
  that his army could not attack by land Hannibal
  proved them wrong by crossing the Alps with his
  elephants! Only 2 survived along with about
  50,000 soldiers

24

• Hannibal terrorized the Italian countryside for
  almost 15 years defeating everything the Romans
  threw up at him, but he couldnt get through the
  walls of Rome. One battle, Cannae above the
  Romans had twice the numbers, but Hannibals
  skill compared to the Romans led to 50-70,000 men
  slaughtered when Hannibals smaller army
  surrounded them

25
Leading Romes armies was Scipio the name
Africanus was added after the Battle of Zuma
26

• To relieve the pressure, Rome sent their General,
  Scipio, who landed at Carthage. Hannibal had to
  return and at the battle of Zama was defeated.

27
Cato the Elder

• A foe of Scipios, he famously incorporated the
  words 'Carthage must be destroyed !' (Delenda
  Carthago !) into every speech he held in the
  senate, no matter what the subject of the matter
  debated was.

28
In the 3rd Punic War, Rome had punished Carthage
to the point of despair. Spoiling for a fight,
Rome sent another army to Carthage, sacked the
town, and sold all the inhabitants into slavery.
As a symbol, they poured salt on the city so it
would never grow again
29
(No Transcript)
30

• Rome was founded by twins
• Romulus Remus
• Romans are from the group called
• Latins
• Power rests with citizens who vote to select
  their leaders.
• Republic