Do Now September 20th

1
Do Now September 20th

• What did the Treaty of Paris 1763 and Treaty of
  Paris 1783 do? What was the results of each
  treaty?

2
Essay Topic

• It is sometimes observed that the roots of future
  wars lie in the results of past wars. In what
  ways does it appear that the French and Indian
  War helped cause the American Revolution?

3

• SSUSH5 The student will explain specific events
  and key ideas that brought about the adoption and
  implementation of the United States
  Constitution.a.  Explain how weaknesses in the
  Articles of Confederation and Daniel Shays'
  Rebellion led to a call for a stronger central
  government.b.  Evaluate the major arguments of
  the anti-Federalists and Federalists during the
  debate on ratification of the Constitution as put
  forth in The Federalist concerning form of
  government, factions, checks and balances, and
  the power of the executive, including the roles
  of Alexander Hamilton and James Madison.c. 
  Explain the key features of the Constitution,
  specifically the Great Compromise, separation of
  powers (influence of Montesquieu), limited
  government, and the issue of slavery.d.  Analyze
  how the Bill of Rights serves as a protector of
  individual and states' rights.e.  Explain the
  importance of the Presidencies of George
  Washington and John Adams include the Whiskey
  Rebellion, non-intervention in Europe, and the
  development of political parties (Alexander
  Hamilton).

4
WANTED
A Just Right Government
5
Wanted A government that

• Has enough ________ to do its job
• Doesnt give anyone too ______ power
• Considers the needs of all _________
• Lets people have a ________
• Protects individual __________

• much

say
states
power
rights
6
In 1777, the Americans wrote their first plan for
government in a document called the
Articles of Confederation
7
The First Attempt The Articles of
Confederation
The Articles of Confederation? Whats a
confederation??
A confederation is a _________ of individuals
_______ together for a _________.
group
united
purpose
8
The First Attempt The Articles of
Confederation
independent

• Each state was _________________ and had its own
  ________________.
• Each state would send _______________ to the
  Congress of the Confederation.
• The Congress was the only ____________
  government. There was no ___________.
• In Congress, each state got _______ vote.

government
representatives
central
President
one
9
The First Attempt The Articles of
Confederation
Hey, this sounds great!
Wait! Not so fast

• States get to keep their ______ and ____________
• No _____________ telling the states what to do
• Congress had the power to create a _________ to
  ________all the states

• Congress had no way to __________ its _______!
• Congress had no power to collect _________ to pay
  for the military!
• The Articles could only be _________ if ______
  the states agreed!

independence
power
enforce
laws
government
taxes
military
protect
changed
ALL
10
Think About It

• Under the Articles of Confederation, a President
  would lead the country.

? True ? False
?
11
Think About It

• States would be independent under the Articles of
  Confederation.

?
? True ? False
12
Think About It

• The Articles of Confederation were easy to change.

? True ? False
?
13
Think About It

• The more people a state had, the more votes it
  got in Congress.

? True ? False
?
14
Think About It

• Congress did not have the power to collect taxes.

?
? True ? False
15
Think About It

• Congress could pass laws and force states to
  follow them.

? True ? False
?
16
Think About It

• The Articles of Confederation created the first
  American government.

?
? True ? False
17
There were some good things and some bad things
about the Articles of Confederation. In general,
people felt like the government wasnt working!
18
But there was no easy solution
We need a President!
Large states should have more say!
Down with central government!
Small states should have more say!
More help for fishermen!
Who needs a President?
Up with central government!
More help for farmers!
19
States Had Different Needs
Some states depended on ,
fishing
while others mostly grew .
crops
20
States Had Different Sizes
Some states had people,
many
while others had .
few
21
People Had Different Opinions
Some people
feared
a central government.
Others thought a central government was
.
necessary
A central government will have too much power!
Well lose our freedom!
But well never get anything done if no one is in
charge!!
22
Think About It

• Everybody thought the central government should
  have more power.

? True ? False
?
23
Think About It

• Some people were afraid states might lose their
  independence.

?
? True ? False
24
Think About It

• Different states had different needs for
  government to meet.

?
? True ? False
25
Think About It

• The states all got along with each other.

? True ? False
?
26
Think About It

• The government created by the Articles of
  Confederation had everything under control among
  the states.

? True ? False
?
27
Something needed to change, but people didnt
want a central government to have too much power!
28
The states decided to put aside some of their
differences and come together to try to solve the
problem of forming a new government
29
A New Idea!

• Articles of Confederation

• New Idea

1 Branch Legislativemakes laws
3 Branches
30
A New Idea!
How many should each state get in the
legislature?
votes
Legislative Makes laws
But Wait!
Executive Carries out laws
Judicial Interprets laws
31
Think About It
Each state gets to send representatives to the
legislature. Which states would have the most
power if

• The more people a state had, the more
  representatives it got?

Answer The more people, the more power!
32
Think About It
Each state gets to send representatives to the
legislature. Which states would have the most
power if

• Each state got one vote, no matter how small?

Answer People in the small states would have
more power.
33
Battle of the Plans

• The Virginia Plan

• The New Jersey Plan

• Legislative branch has ___ chambers
• Number of votes for each state depends on the
  states ___________
• ________ states would have more power

2

• Legislative branch has ___ chamber
• Each state gets ___ vote
• ________ states would have more power

1
1
Smaller
population
Larger
(Virginia was a large state, and New Jersey was a
small state. Surprise!)
34
Think About It
Is it more fair for every state to have the same
amount of power no matter how few people live
there, or should states with more people have
more power?

• ? All states should have the same power
• ? Larger states should have more power

WHY?
35
There were a lot of differences to overcome and a
lot of compromises to makebut finally
The Constitution of the United States of America
36
The Constitution Solution
Legislative Makes laws
Divide Congress Into Two Houses
Senate House of Representatives
Each state gets 2 votes. The more people the state has, the more votes it gets!
Executive Carries out laws
Judicial Interprets laws
And thats not all
37
Not only did the Constitution resolve the problem
of the legislature, but it solved some other
problems as well
38
Think About It
Did the Articles of Confederation require states
to treat other states the same as their own
citizens?
? Yes ? No
?
39
The Constitution Solution
The Constitution requires each state to treat
________ of other states the ______ as it treats
its own citizens.
citizens
same
40
Think About It
How many states had to agree in order for the
Articles of Confederation to be changed?
?
? All states ? A majority of states
41
The Constitution Solution
The Constitution can be changed if
________________ of the members of Congress and
________________ of the states agree.
two-thirds (2/3)
three-fourths (3/4)
42
Think About It
Did the Articles of Confederation require states
to follow the laws Congress passed?
? Yes ? No
?
43
The Constitution Solution
The Constitution says that the laws passed by
Congress are _________ to laws passed by the
_______.
superior
states
44
The new Americans made compromises and found
solutions for their new government. Lets review
the final product of the Constitutional
Convention!
45
Under the Constitution
Laws are made by the _______ branch.
A
?
B
executive
legislative
46
Under the Constitution
Laws passed by Congress are _____ to state laws.
A
B
?
superior
inferior
47
Under the Constitution
Congress has ______.
A
B
?
1 chamber
2 chambers
48
Under the Constitution
Each state gets two votes in the __________.
A
B
?
House of Representatives
Senate
49
Under the Constitution
In the House of Representatives, the number of
votes each states gets is based on its ________.
A
B
?
population
taxes
50
Under the Constitution
A change to the Constitution must be approved by
___________.
A
B
?
All states
¾ of states
51
Although they managed to solve the problems
created by the Articles, there were still many
decisions to be made before everyone accepted the
Constitution!