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The West Between The Wars

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The West Between The Wars Mr. Ermer World History Honors Miami Beach Senior High An Uneasy Peace Peace treaty creates new countries, tries to make most happy, but ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The West Between The Wars


1
The West Between The Wars
  • Mr. Ermer
  • World History Honors
  • Miami Beach Senior High

2
An Uneasy Peace
  • Peace treaty creates new countries, tries to make
    most happy, but doesnt
  • US President Wilson knows problems in treaty will
    lead to another war
  • League of Nations set to deal with probs
  • US does not join, Senate rejects the treaty
  • Germany forced to pay 33 billion
  • Germany says it cannot pay, France takes control
    of Ruhr Valley (industrial center)
  • Germany prints more moneyinflation

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4
Working Toward Peace
  • German money becomes worthless
  • Dawes Plan restructures German debt
  • US begins heavy investment in Europe
  • Treaty of Lorcano draws new German boarders
  • Thought to begin new era of European peace
  • 1926 Germany joins League of Nations
  • 26 nations promise to ban war, but no rules of
    enforcement are set. Promises mean little.

5
The Great Depression
  • Depression period of low economic activity and
    rising unemployment
  • Some countries experience slow economy
  • U.S. stock market crash of 1929
  • U.S. banks pull investment from Europe
  • Political leaders offer simple, but radical,
    solutionspeople support them
  • Government economic control increases
  • Marxist/Communist ideas gain popularity

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7
Democracy After The War
  • After WWI, many European countries adopt
    democratic systems of government
  • Women gain right to vote in many nations
  • Germany est the Weimar Republic, weak
  • 4.4 million Germans jobless in 1930
  • France most powerful continental nation, but
    depression hurts confidence in gov
  • Popular Front gov passes economic policy to help
    end depression, it doesnt

8
The UK US
  • United States and Japan replace British goods,
    British companies hurting
  • UKLabor Party loses power, Conservatives make
    changes that help economy
  • John Maynard Keynes argues that the government
    should put people to work
  • US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt enacts the
    New Deal to end depression
  • New Deal spends money on public works, and
    creates Social Security

9
The Rise of European Dictators
  • Dictatorships rise in Italy, Germany, Spain the
    Soviet Union (Russia)
  • France Britain are only big democracies left
  • Totalitarian State government aims to control
    political, economic, social, intellectual and
    cultural lives of citizens
  • Fascism state is above all else, strong central
    government ruled by dictator
  • Authoritarian State Ultimate authority rests
    with the state and its dictator

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11
Benito Mussolini Italian Fascism
  • Economic problems cause middle class fear of
    Communist revolution like Russia
  • Worker strikes are many and violent
  • Mussolinis Fascists attack Socialists
  • Uses peoples fears and patriotism to grow
    support for his Fascist movement
  • 1922 Mussolini named prime minister
  • 1926 All other parties outlawed, OVRA
  • Propaganda molds single-minded community of
    Italian Fascists

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13
The New Soviet Union
  • Control of production, lack of goods causes
    Russians to strike and revolt
  • 1921 Lenin ends war communism for NEP
  • Modified version of capitalism brings growth
  • 1924 Lenin dies, Politburo cant pick new
    leaderTrotsky vs. Stalin
  • eventually agrees on Joseph Stalin is leader
  • Stalin gains complete control of Communists
  • Purges all who disagree, Trotsky exiled to Mex.
  • Stalin ends NEP, starts Five-Year Plan

14
Stalins Five Year Plan
  • Sets goals for five year period
  • Russia industrializes very rapidly
  • Cities grow too fast, poor conditions
  • Collectivization of agriculture
  • Stalin strengthens his control of govt
  • Purges all old Bolsheviks
  • 8 million Russians arrested, millions more sent
    to labor camps or executed
  • Takes back civil rights/freedoms granted in the
    20s

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17
Other Authoritarian Regimes
  • Eastern European countries embrace strong leaders
    who promise to fight communism
  • Only Czechoslovakia remains democratic
  • 1936 In Spain, General Francisco Franco leads
    Fascist military revolt
  • Italy and Germany support Francos cause
  • 1939 Franco sets up dictatorship in Spain,
    favoring large landowners, businessmen and priests

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19
Adolf Hitler The Nazis
  • Born 4/20/1889 in Austria, fails high school,
    goes to Vienna to be artistfails
  • Fights in WWIs Western Front, then enters
    politics in Germany
  • 1921 Hitler controls the National Socialist
    German Workers Party (NASDAP-Nazi)
  • Hitler leads a revolt in Munich, fails, jailed
  • In jail, writes Mein Kampf, where he outlines his
    belief in Social Darwinism, nationalist,
    anti-Semitism, and anti-communism

20
Rise of Nazism
  • Hitler expands Nazism to all of Germany
  • 1929 Largest party in the Reichstag
  • Conservatives look to Hitler for leadership
  • March 23, 1933 Reichstag passes Enabling Act,
    Hitler can ignore constitution
  • Concentration Camps set up for opposition
  • All other parties abolished, Hitler is sole ruler
    of Germany called Fuhrer
  • Nazis push for an Aryan nation, to dominate
    Europe like the Romans as third German Empire
    (Holy Roman and German Empire of 1871)

21
Nazi Germany 1933-1939
  • SS Special force, directed by Heinrich Himmler,
    acting as Hitlers body guards, and controlling
    secret and regular police
  • put into building and militarization
  • Unemployment down, depression ends
  • Social organizations and parades boost support,
    help teach Nazi ideals
  • Gender roles defined by the party
  • Anti-Semitic policies enacted by govt
  • November 9, 1938 Kristallnacht

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23
Work On It
  • Page 450, write and answer questions 1-8
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