US History Fall Midterm Review

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US History Fall Midterm Review
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Unit 7The Gilded Age (1870-1900)
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USA in the Gilded Age 1870-1900
Industrialization
Ranching, Mining, Farming
Reconstruction Rise of Jim Crow
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USA in the Gilded Age 1870-1900
The South After the failure of Reconstruction in
1877, the South entered the Jim Crow era
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Sharecropping Segregation
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USA in the Gilded Age 1870-1900
The West Farmers, ranchers, miners closed the
last of the frontier at the expense of Indians
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Mining was the 1st attraction to the West Miners
created instant towns in areas where gold or
silver was discovered
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Cattle Ranchers on the Open Range
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The Farming Bonanza

• In 1862, the U.S. government began the Homestead
  Act which encouraged farmers to settle in the
  West by offering 160 acres of land to families
  who promised to live there for 5 years

A pioneer sod house
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Irish workers made up a large percentage of
laborers on the eastern section
Chinese workers made up a large percentage of
laborers on the western leg
1st transcontinental railroad connected the west
coast to eastern cities in 1869
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Populists

• Populists were westerners who wanted
• Free silver (Bi-metalism)
• Regulation of railroads
• Income tax
• Direction election of senators

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Native Americans in the West Major Battles
Reservations
Indian tribes retained only a few reservations
set aside by the U.S. government

• Little Big HornSioux surrounded killed US Army
  division led by Custer
• Wounded KneeIndians were killed to stop
  performance of Ghost Dance ritual

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USA in the Gilded Age 1870-1900
The North Experienced an industrial revolution,
mass immigration, urbanization
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America became the worlds leader in Railroad,
Oil, Steel, Electricity
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Vertical Horizontal Integration
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Big Business

• Monopolies (trusts) Companies that controlled
  the majority of one industry
• Rockefellers Standard
  Oil
• Carnegies U.S. Steel
• Vanderbilts railroads

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Working Living Conditions
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New Immigration Urbanization
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Robber Barons or Captains of Industry?
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Unit 8The Progressive Era (1890-1920)
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The Progressive Era (1890-1920)

• Social Gospel
• Jane Addams settlement houses
• Womens Christian Temperance Union
• Political Reforms
• City commissions
• Initiative, recall, referendum

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Muckraking Journalism
History of Standard Oil helped push for the
break-up of monopolies
The Jungle led the govt to pass the Meat
Inspection Act in 1906
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Anti-Trust Reform
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Progressive Reform in the States

• Progressives made state governments more
  democratic
• Initiativescitizens (not politicians) can put an
  issue on a state ballot vote to make laws
• Referendumscitizens vote on an issue (such as
  tax increases) suggested by state legislatures
• Recallscitizens can remove an elected official
  by popular vote
• 17th amendment allowed for the direct election of
  Senators

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Reforming Society

• Social Reform
• Jane Addams settlement houses for poor urban
  workers
• NAACP formed to help fight discrimination against
  blacks
• 18th Amendment prohibition
• 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote