What%20is%20a%20Simple%20Machine??

1
What is a Simple Machine??

• A machine that does work with only one movement.
• They are the basis of all compound machines.

2
Six Simple Machines

• Lever
• Wheel and Axle
• Pulley
• These 3 are all derived from the lever.

• Screw
• Inclined plane
• Wedge
• These 3 are basically inclined planes in one
  form or another.

3
An Introduction to the Lever

• Please view the link on my website for Levers!

4
The Lever

• The lever is a bar that is free to pivot, or turn
  about a FIXED point.
• The fixed point is called the FULCRUM.
• The other two parts of the lever are the
  RESISTANCE and EFFORT arm.
• In order for a lever to be
• classified as a lever, it must
• have all three parts!!

5
The Levers Job

• Purpose To pry, lift, transport, or open
  something. Can you name some levers?
• Examples can opener, wheelbarrow, tweezers

6
Levers Sheet (Separate)

• Please fill out the levers information on the
  Classes of Levers chart paper.

7
Three classes of Levers First Class

• A first class lever has the fulcrum in the
  middle of the resistance and effort arms.
• Example scissors, seesaw, pliers

8
Three Classes of Levers Second Class

• A second class lever has the resistance arm in
  the middle of the effort arm and fulcrum.
• Examples wheelbarrows, nutcracker

9
Three classes of Levers Third Class

• A third class lever has the effort arm in the
  middle of the resistance arm and fulcrum.
• Examples fishing pole, tweezers

10
Self-quiz Test yourself before revealing the
answers!

• A rake?
• 3rd Class
• A nutcracker?
• 2nd Class
• A hammer driving in a nail?
• 3rd Class
• A hammer pulling out a nail?
• 1st Class

11
An Introduction to the Wheel and Axle

• Please watch the Wheels and Axles video clip on
  my website!

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Wheel and Axle What is it?

• Two wheels of two different sizes that rotate
  together.
• Primarily used to make transportation easier, but
  can be found in other objects.

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Parts of the Wheel and Axle

• The larger wheel (or outside) rotates around the
  smaller wheel (or axle).
• A wheel is a lever that can turn 360. The
  effort or resistance force can be applied to the
  outside wheel or inside wheel (axle).

14
An introduction to pulleys

• Please watch the Pulleys video on my website!

15
The Pulley What is it?

• A pulley is a grooved wheel with a rope, chain,
  or cable running along the groove.
• Two types
• Fixed
• Moveable
• Purpose To move something vertically or
  horizontally

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Fixed Pulleys

• Is attached to something that doesnt move
  (ceiling or wall).
• Only changes the direction of the force, so the
  MA is always 1
• Is a modified 1st class lever
• Fulcrum Axle
• Effort and Resistance Arms
• Ropes on either side
• Examples?

17
Moveable Pulleys

• Has one end of the rope fixed and the grooved
  wheel is free to move.
• Does divide the force.
• A block and tackle is a series of moveable and
  fixed pulleys.

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This concludes Part 1 of the Six Simple Machines
Powerpoint
19
An Introduction to the Inclined Plane

• Please watch the Inclined Plane video on my
  website!

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Inclined Plane

• Would you rather climb straight up a mountain, or
  zigzag your way across until you reach the top?
• An inclined plane is a sloping surface, such as a
  ramp that reduces the amount of force required to
  do work.

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Purpose of the Inclined Plane

• The purpose of an inclined plane is to move
  something up to a higher or lower surface with
  less force.
• Can also add strength to a surface
• Can you think of any examples of inclined planes?

22
An Introduction to Wedges

• Please watch the Wedges video on my website!

23
What is a Wedge?

• A wedge is an inclined plane with one or two
  sloping surfaces.
• Uses
• Cut Open
• Keep something from closing
• Keep something from moving
• Any Examples?

24
An Introduction to Screws

• Please watch the Screws video on my website!

25
The Screw

• A screw is an inclined plane with a grooved
  surface that wraps around a cylinder.
• It holds things together by biting into the
  material.
• Any examples?

26
Compound Machines

• All compound machines are made up of two or more
  simple machines!!

• Please watch the Compound Machines video on my
  website!

27
Rube Goldberg and Simple Machines

• Please watch the Rube Goldberg Video on my
  website!

28
Rube Goldbergs Inventions

• As you sit on pneumatic cushion (A), you force
  air through a tube (B) which starts ice boat (C),
  causing lighted cigar butt (D) to explode balloon
  (E).   Dictator (F), hearing loud report, thinks
  he's been shot and falls over backward on bulb
  (G), snapping picture!

29
Rube Goldbergs Invention
30
Car Ad and Simple Machines

• Please watch the Car Ad video on my website!