Phase 3 July 1943

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Phase 3July 1943 June 1944

• Towards the end of 1942 and into 1943, the power
  of the war shifted away from the Axis.

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• Midway, Pacficic Ocean June 4-7, 1942
• Victory of US of Japanese Imperial Navy

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• Stalingrad , USSR July 1942 - February 1943
• Germany loses bloodiest battle in the history of
  warfare

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• El Alamein, N May 1943
• Germany surrenders in North Africa

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Phase 3July 1943 June 1944

• By the summer of 1943, the allies were on the
  offensive and Germany was on the defensive.
• On the eastern front, Germany began to retreat
  back to Berlin from the Soviet Union
• In the Pacific, the Americans were successful in
  pushing Japan back.

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What about Canada?

• A Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) formed its own
  bomber group in 1943 - the No. 6 Bomber Group.

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The Italian Campaign
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What about Canada?

• Canadians were part of the Italian Campaign the
  fight to capture Italy.
• After securing North Africa, allied troops
  crossed the Mediterranean to Sicily, them
  mainland Italy.
• Italy surrendered in 1943, however, Germany took
  over Italy and the fighting continued.

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What about Canada?

• The Canadians were particularly essential to the
  Battle of Ortona in 1943.

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Phase 4June 1944 September 1945

• Clearly, the allies needed to create a western
  front in Europe to try and push Germany back.
• Plans for the invasion of Europe began early
• Operation Overlord The Invasion of Europ
• The actual operation took place June 6, 1944 and
  continued through the summer.

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Phase 4June 1944 September 1945
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Phase 4June 1944 September 1945

• The invasion of Normandy was successful
• The allies now had a foothold in Europe
• Germany was on the defence and losing ground
• The allies could continue to liberate other areas
  of western Europe

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Phase 4June 1944 September 1945

• 2 052 299 Allied troop were landed on the beaches
  of Normandy
• 36,976 killed, 153,475 wounded and 19,221 missing
  
• 4,101 aircraft were lost and 16,714 airmen were
• total Allied casualties 226,386

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What about Canada?
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What about Canada?

• The Canadians were instrumental in the Invasion
  of Normandy
• They took Juno Beach on June 6 and reached their
  inland objective by the end of the day
• They went on to participate in the rest of the
  invasion of Europe.

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What about Canada?

• Canadian troops were part of the force which
  moved into France and then Belgium during the
  autumn of 1944

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What about Canada?

• Canada liberated the Netherlands (Holland) in May
  1945

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